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Add Armv8.1-M Keccak x1 backend#1277

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armv81m-keccak-x1
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Add Armv8.1-M Keccak x1 backend#1277
bremoran wants to merge 4 commits into
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armv81m-keccak-x1

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Add the unmodified upstream Adomnicai Armv7-M Keccak source under armv81m_clean and the Slothy-generated M7 optimized x1 permutation under armv81m_opt, with a Makefile regeneration path.

Move the Armv8.1-M FIPS202 development sources to armv81m_opt and synchronize the production backend. Route x1 state XOR/extract through the clean-source assembly helpers so the optimized permutation can keep the state in the bit-interleaved native representation.

Keep the test changes focused on representation-aware Keccak x1/x4 unit coverage, including extracted-byte state dumps on x1 failures, and the static ML-DSA-87 unit-test workspace needed for Zephyr stack pressure.

@bremoran bremoran requested a review from a team as a code owner July 10, 2026 08:11
@mkannwischer mkannwischer marked this pull request as draft July 10, 2026 08:18
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CBMC Results (ML-DSA-44)

Full Results (206 proofs)
Proof Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** 1536s 1514s +1.5%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c 158s 131s +21%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c 141s 114s +24%
mld_invntt_layer 116s 107s +8%
mld_attempt_signature_generation 63s 58s +9%
compute_pack_t0_t1 50s 50s +0%
fqmul 44s 39s +13%
mld_ntt_layer 44s 42s +5%
sign_verify_internal 39s 114s -66%
polyvec_matrix_expand 32s 28s +14%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block 23s 23s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native 22s 22s +0%
poly_ntt_c 22s 19s +16%
poly_chknorm_c 17s 17s +0%
polyeta_unpack 17s 14s +21%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec 17s 15s +13%
rej_uniform 17s 18s -6%
polyt0_unpack 16s 15s +7%
rej_uniform_c 16s 15s +7%
sign_signature_internal 15s 26s -42%
mld_check_pct 14s 14s +0%
poly_uniform_eta_4x 14s 11s +27%
polyz_unpack_c 14s 11s +27%
poly_invntt_tomont_c 13s 11s +18%
poly_uniform_4x 12s 14s -14%
polyvecl_chknorm 12s 10s +20%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 12s - new
keccak_absorb_once_x4 9s 9s +0%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial 9s 8s +12%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c 8s 8s +0%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 7s 4s +75%
sign_verify 7s 4s +75%
keccakf1600_permute 6s 2s +200%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 6s 7s -14%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x 6s 5s +20%
polyt1_unpack 6s 5s +20%
shake256_absorb 6s 3s +100%
sig_unpack_hints 6s 2s +200%
sign_pk_from_sk 6s 5s +20%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 6s 3s +100%
keccak_absorb 5s 5s +0%
mld_compute_pack_z 5s 7s -29%
mld_sample_s1_s2 5s 4s +25%
poly_add 5s 7s -29%
poly_challenge 5s 3s +67%
polyveck_caddq 5s 3s +67%
polyveck_chknorm 5s 5s +0%
polyveck_decompose 5s 4s +25%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery 5s 4s +25%
polyw1_pack 5s 3s +67%
sign_signature 5s 3s +67%
unpack_sk_t0hat 5s 3s +67%
fqscale 4s 3s +33%
intt_native_aarch64 4s 9s -56%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid 4s 3s +33%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 4s 4s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes 4s 1s +300%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes 4s 2s +100%
keccakf1600x4_permute 4s 4s +0%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native 4s 3s +33%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 4s 4s +0%
poly_chknorm 4s 4s +0%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 4s 2s +100%
poly_decompose_c 4s 4s +0%
poly_decompose_native 4s 3s +33%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 4s 3s +33%
poly_invntt_tomont 4s 4s +0%
poly_ntt 4s 3s +33%
poly_ntt_native 4s 5s -20%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional 4s 2s +100%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native 4s 4s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native 4s 2s +100%
poly_uniform 4s 6s -33%
poly_uniform_eta 4s 5s -20%
poly_use_hint 4s 4s +0%
poly_use_hint_native 4s 4s +0%
polyt0_pack 4s 2s +100%
polyveck_invntt_tomont 4s 5s -20%
polyveck_pack_eta 4s 2s +100%
polyz_unpack 4s 3s +33%
reduce32 4s 2s +100%
rej_eta_native 4s 6s -33%
sign_keypair_internal 4s 4s +0%
sign_signature_extmu 4s 4s +0%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal 4s 6s -33%
sign_verify_extmu 4s 3s +33%
sk_t0hat_get_poly 4s 2s +100%
sys_check_capability 4s 4s +0%
unpack_sk_s2hat 4s 4s +0%
use_hint 4s 2s +100%
caddq 3s 2s +50%
intt_native_x86_64 3s 4s -25%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a 3s 3s +0%
keccak_finalize 3s 3s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) 3s 4s -25%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native 3s 3s +0%
make_hint 3s 3s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 3s 1s +200%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 3s 1s +200%
mld_ct_sel_int32 3s 2s +50%
mld_h 3s 4s -25%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c 3s 2s +50%
mld_polymat_expand_entry 3s 3s +0%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix 3s 4s -25%
mld_sample_s1_s2_serial 3s 3s +0%
montgomery_reduce 3s 3s +0%
ntt_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
pack_sig_c 3s 2s +50%
pack_sk_s1 3s 2s +50%
pointwise_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
poly_chknorm_native 3s 4s -25%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
poly_invntt_tomont_native 3s 4s -25%
poly_pointwise_montgomery 3s 3s +0%
poly_shiftl 3s 3s +0%
poly_sub 3s 3s +0%
poly_use_hint_c 3s 3s +0%
polyeta_pack 3s 3s +0%
polyt1_pack 3s 4s -25%
polyveck_ntt 3s 5s -40%
polyveck_pack_w1 3s 1s +200%
polyvecl_ntt 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_eta 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_unpack_z 3s 2s +50%
polyw1_pack_32 3s 2s +50%
polyw1_pack_88 3s 1s +200%
polyz_pack 3s 2s +50%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
polyz_unpack_native 3s 2s +50%
rej_eta 3s 3s +0%
rej_eta_c 3s 4s -25%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 3s 2s +50%
rej_uniform_native 3s 4s -25%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
shake128_finalize 3s 2s +50%
shake128_release 3s 1s +200%
shake256_finalize 3s 2s +50%
shake256_init 3s 3s +0%
sign_keypair 3s 4s -25%
sk_s1hat_get_poly 3s 3s +0%
sk_s2hat_get_poly 3s 2s +50%
unpack_sk 3s 3s +0%
unpack_sk_s1hat 3s 1s +200%
decompose 2s 2s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a 2s 2s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 2s 3s -33%
keccak_init 2s 3s -33%
keccak_squeeze 2s 1s +100%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_abs_i32 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 2s 2s +0%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes 2s 2s +0%
mld_value_barrier_i64 2s 2s +0%
mld_value_barrier_u32 2s 2s +0%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 2s 1s +100%
pack_sig_h 2s 3s -33%
pack_sig_z 2s 4s -50%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr_s2 2s 3s -33%
pointwise_native_x86_64 2s 4s -50%
poly_caddq_c 2s 2s +0%
poly_caddq_native 2s 5s -60%
poly_decompose 2s 3s -33%
poly_power2round 2s 4s -50%
poly_reduce 2s 3s -33%
poly_uniform_gamma1 2s 4s -50%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 2s - new
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row 2s 2s +0%
polyveck_reduce 2s 5s -60%
polyveck_unpack_eta 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_pack_eta 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 2s 5s -60%
power2round 2s 3s -33%
shake128_absorb 2s 2s +0%
shake128x4_absorb_once 2s 3s -33%
shake256 2s 1s +100%
shake256_squeeze 2s 2s +0%
shake256x4_absorb_once 2s 3s -33%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal 2s 3s -33%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 2s 5s -60%
unpack_pk_t1 2s 5s -60%
yvec_get_poly 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600_permute_native 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 1s 4s -75%
mld_ct_memcmp 1s 3s -67%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c 1s 2s -50%
mld_value_barrier_u8 1s 3s -67%
ntt_native_x86_64 1s 3s -67%
poly_caddq 1s 2s -50%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 1s 3s -67%
shake128_init 1s 3s -67%
shake128_squeeze 1s 1s +0%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks 1s 1s +0%
shake256_release 1s 2s -50%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks 1s 4s -75%
yvec_init 1s 3s -67%

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oqs-bot commented Jul 10, 2026

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CBMC Results (ML-DSA-44, REDUCE-RAM)

Full Results (206 proofs)
Proof Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** 1412s 1364s +3.5%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec 156s 149s +5%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c 128s 112s +14%
mld_invntt_layer 120s 105s +14%
polyveck_chknorm 68s 67s +1%
mld_ntt_layer 45s 41s +10%
fqmul 40s 39s +3%
sign_verify_internal 28s 49s -43%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native 23s 22s +5%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block 21s 23s -9%
mld_attempt_signature_generation 20s 19s +5%
poly_ntt_c 19s 21s -10%
rej_uniform_c 17s 16s +6%
polyeta_unpack 14s 14s +0%
mld_check_pct 13s 15s -13%
polyt0_unpack 13s 12s +8%
poly_chknorm_c 12s 11s +9%
poly_uniform_eta_4x 12s 12s +0%
polyvecl_chknorm 12s 11s +9%
compute_pack_t0_t1 11s 12s -8%
polyz_unpack_c 10s 8s +25%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 9s 8s +12%
poly_invntt_tomont_c 9s 11s -18%
polyveck_decompose 8s 7s +14%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 8s - new
sign_verify_extmu 8s 5s +60%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c 7s 7s +0%
poly_reduce 7s 4s +75%
sign_pk_from_sk 7s 5s +40%
make_hint 6s 3s +100%
mld_compute_pack_z 6s 6s +0%
mld_sample_s1_s2_serial 6s 4s +50%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 6s 6s +0%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 6s 4s +50%
poly_add 6s 7s -14%
poly_decompose_c 6s 5s +20%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row 6s 6s +0%
polyvecl_ntt 6s 3s +100%
rej_uniform 6s 8s -25%
fqscale 5s 2s +150%
intt_native_aarch64 5s 3s +67%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid 5s 3s +67%
mld_value_barrier_u8 5s 4s +25%
poly_caddq 5s 4s +25%
poly_caddq_c 5s 3s +67%
poly_challenge 5s 6s -17%
poly_chknorm 5s 3s +67%
poly_invntt_tomont_native 5s 3s +67%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native 5s 2s +150%
poly_uniform_4x 5s 3s +67%
poly_use_hint_c 5s 5s +0%
polyt1_pack 5s 3s +67%
polyvec_matrix_expand 5s 3s +67%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial 5s 4s +25%
polyveck_invntt_tomont 5s 5s +0%
polyw1_pack_88 5s 2s +150%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks 5s 2s +150%
sig_unpack_hints 5s 2s +150%
sign_keypair_internal 5s 4s +25%
decompose 4s 3s +33%
intt_native_x86_64 4s 2s +100%
keccak_absorb 4s 3s +33%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a 4s 2s +100%
keccak_finalize 4s 2s +100%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 4s 3s +33%
keccakf1600_permute 4s 2s +100%
keccakf1600_permute_native 4s 3s +33%
mld_ct_abs_i32 4s 3s +33%
mld_h 4s 4s +0%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c 4s 4s +0%
ntt_native_x86_64 4s 3s +33%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 4s 4s +0%
pointwise_native_aarch64 4s 2s +100%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 4s 2s +100%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional 4s 5s -20%
poly_uniform_eta 4s 2s +100%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x 4s 5s -20%
poly_use_hint 4s 2s +100%
polyt0_pack 4s 4s +0%
polyveck_pack_w1 4s 3s +33%
polyveck_reduce 4s 4s +0%
polyvecl_pack_eta 4s 2s +100%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c 4s 4s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native 4s 3s +33%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial 4s 2s +100%
polyw1_pack 4s 4s +0%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 4s 3s +33%
reduce32 4s 3s +33%
rej_eta_c 4s 4s +0%
rej_eta_native 4s 3s +33%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 4s 3s +33%
shake128_release 4s 2s +100%
sign_signature_internal 4s 4s +0%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal 4s 4s +0%
sign_verify 4s 4s +0%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 4s 5s -20%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 3s 2s +50%
keccak_squeeze 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes 3s 3s +0%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes 3s 3s +0%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native 3s 5s -40%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 3s 2s +50%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix 3s 3s +0%
mld_sample_s1_s2 3s 1s +200%
mld_value_barrier_u32 3s 1s +200%
ntt_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
pack_sig_h 3s 4s -25%
pack_sig_z 3s 2s +50%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose_native 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 3s 2s +50%
poly_ntt 3s 3s +0%
poly_ntt_native 3s 3s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery 3s 3s +0%
poly_power2round 3s 4s -25%
poly_shiftl 3s 4s -25%
poly_uniform 3s 3s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1 3s 3s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 3s - new
polyeta_pack 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_caddq 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_ntt 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_eta 3s 4s -25%
polyvecl_unpack_z 3s 3s +0%
polyw1_pack_32 3s 3s +0%
polyz_pack 3s 2s +50%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 3s 2s +50%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
power2round 3s 2s +50%
rej_eta 3s 5s -40%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
shake128_finalize 3s 3s +0%
shake128_squeeze 3s 2s +50%
shake128x4_absorb_once 3s 2s +50%
shake256 3s 1s +200%
shake256_squeeze 3s 2s +50%
shake256x4_absorb_once 3s 1s +200%
sign_keypair 3s 5s -40%
sign_signature 3s 6s -50%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 3s 4s -25%
sk_s1hat_get_poly 3s 2s +50%
sys_check_capability 3s 2s +50%
unpack_pk_t1 3s 3s +0%
unpack_sk 3s 3s +0%
caddq 2s 6s -67%
keccak_init 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) 2s 4s -50%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) 2s 6s -67%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_memcmp 2s 1s +100%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes 2s 2s +0%
mld_polymat_expand_entry 2s 2s +0%
mld_value_barrier_i64 2s 3s -33%
montgomery_reduce 2s 2s +0%
pack_sig_c 2s 5s -60%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr_s2 2s 5s -60%
pack_sk_s1 2s 3s -33%
pointwise_native_x86_64 2s 4s -50%
poly_caddq_native 2s 3s -33%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 2s 4s -50%
poly_chknorm_native 2s 4s -50%
poly_decompose 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 2s 4s -50%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 2s 3s -33%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native 2s 3s -33%
poly_use_hint_native 2s 3s -33%
polyt1_unpack 2s 2s +0%
polyveck_pack_eta 2s 4s -50%
polyveck_unpack_eta 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 2s 2s +0%
polyz_unpack 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack_native 2s 3s -33%
rej_uniform_native 2s 5s -60%
shake128_absorb 2s 3s -33%
shake256_init 2s 4s -50%
shake256_release 2s 1s +100%
sign_signature_extmu 2s 4s -50%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal 2s 5s -60%
sk_t0hat_get_poly 2s 1s +100%
unpack_sk_s1hat 2s 3s -33%
unpack_sk_t0hat 2s 2s +0%
use_hint 2s 2s +0%
yvec_init 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 1s 3s -67%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a 1s 3s -67%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native 1s 4s -75%
mld_ct_sel_int32 1s 3s -67%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c 1s 4s -75%
poly_invntt_tomont 1s 2s -50%
poly_sub 1s 3s -67%
shake128_init 1s 2s -50%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks 1s 2s -50%
shake256_absorb 1s 2s -50%
shake256_finalize 1s 2s -50%
sk_s2hat_get_poly 1s 5s -80%
unpack_sk_s2hat 1s 4s -75%
yvec_get_poly 1s 3s -67%

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oqs-bot commented Jul 10, 2026

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CBMC Results (ML-DSA-87, REDUCE-RAM)

Full Results (206 proofs)
Proof Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** 1382s 1436s -3.8%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec 180s 196s -8%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c 111s 125s -11%
mld_invntt_layer 105s 111s -5%
mld_ntt_layer 42s 44s -5%
fqmul 39s 39s +0%
mld_attempt_signature_generation 35s 34s +3%
polyvecl_chknorm 34s 38s -11%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native 23s 25s -8%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block 21s 23s -9%
sign_verify_internal 21s 47s -55%
poly_ntt_c 20s 19s +5%
polyeta_unpack 16s 13s +23%
rej_uniform_c 15s 18s -17%
poly_chknorm_c 13s 13s +0%
polyveck_decompose 13s 12s +8%
mld_check_pct 12s 15s -20%
compute_pack_t0_t1 11s 12s -8%
poly_uniform_eta_4x 11s 12s -8%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row 11s 13s -15%
poly_invntt_tomont_c 10s 9s +11%
polyt0_unpack 10s 14s -29%
polyveck_chknorm 10s 9s +11%
polyz_unpack_c 10s 7s +43%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 9s 8s +12%
polyvecl_ntt 9s 8s +12%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 9s - new
poly_decompose_c 8s 6s +33%
polyveck_reduce 8s 6s +33%
rej_uniform 8s 7s +14%
mld_compute_pack_z 7s 6s +17%
mld_sample_s1_s2 7s 8s -12%
poly_reduce 7s 4s +75%
polyveck_caddq 7s 8s -12%
rej_eta_native 7s 4s +75%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c 6s 8s -25%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 6s 5s +20%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 6s 8s -25%
poly_caddq_c 6s 3s +100%
polyz_unpack 6s 3s +100%
sign_keypair_internal 6s 6s +0%
decompose 5s 2s +150%
mld_h 5s 2s +150%
mld_sample_s1_s2_serial 5s 6s -17%
montgomery_reduce 5s 2s +150%
pack_sk_s1 5s 2s +150%
pointwise_native_x86_64 5s 5s +0%
poly_add 5s 8s -38%
poly_challenge 5s 4s +25%
poly_invntt_tomont_native 5s 2s +150%
poly_pointwise_montgomery 5s 3s +67%
poly_sub 5s 5s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native 5s 2s +150%
sign_pk_from_sk 5s 6s -17%
unpack_sk_t0hat 5s 4s +25%
caddq 4s 3s +33%
intt_native_x86_64 4s 4s +0%
keccak_absorb 4s 4s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a 4s 2s +100%
keccak_init 4s 1s +300%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 4s 4s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute 4s 2s +100%
make_hint 4s 2s +100%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 4s 2s +100%
mld_value_barrier_u8 4s 2s +100%
ntt_native_x86_64 4s 2s +100%
pack_sig_z 4s 3s +33%
pointwise_native_aarch64 4s 4s +0%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 4s 3s +33%
poly_decompose_native 4s 2s +100%
poly_ntt_native 4s 4s +0%
poly_power2round 4s 7s -43%
poly_use_hint 4s 4s +0%
polyt1_pack 4s 5s -20%
polyveck_invntt_tomont 4s 4s +0%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial 4s 2s +100%
rej_uniform_native 4s 5s -20%
sig_unpack_hints 4s 4s +0%
sign_keypair 4s 4s +0%
sign_signature_internal 4s 3s +33%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal 4s 2s +100%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 4s 3s +33%
sign_verify 4s 2s +100%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 4s 7s -43%
unpack_sk_s1hat 4s 3s +33%
unpack_sk_s2hat 4s 3s +33%
fqscale 3s 1s +200%
intt_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid 3s 2s +50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid 3s 2s +50%
keccak_squeeze 3s 5s -40%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes 3s 1s +200%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native 3s 4s -25%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes 3s 1s +200%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 3s 5s -40%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 3s 3s +0%
mld_ct_sel_int32 3s 2s +50%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c 3s 3s +0%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c 3s 1s +200%
mld_polymat_expand_entry 3s 4s -25%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix 3s 3s +0%
mld_value_barrier_u32 3s 3s +0%
ntt_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 3s 3s +0%
pack_sig_c 3s 2s +50%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr_s2 3s 2s +50%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
poly_chknorm 3s 4s -25%
poly_chknorm_native 3s 1s +200%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 3s 2s +50%
poly_invntt_tomont 3s 4s -25%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional 3s 2s +50%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native 3s 3s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native 3s 3s +0%
poly_shiftl 3s 4s -25%
poly_uniform 3s 4s -25%
poly_uniform_eta 3s 5s -40%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
polyeta_pack 3s 3s +0%
polyt0_pack 3s 3s +0%
polyvec_matrix_expand 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_ntt 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_unpack_eta 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_pack_eta 3s 2s +50%
polyw1_pack 3s 2s +50%
polyw1_pack_32 3s 3s +0%
polyz_pack 3s 4s -25%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
polyz_unpack_native 3s 1s +200%
reduce32 3s 3s +0%
rej_eta 3s 2s +50%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
shake128_finalize 3s 2s +50%
shake128_squeeze 3s 1s +200%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks 3s 1s +200%
shake256 3s 3s +0%
shake256_init 3s 3s +0%
shake256_release 3s 5s -40%
shake256x4_absorb_once 3s 5s -40%
sign_signature 3s 4s -25%
sign_signature_extmu 3s 4s -25%
sign_verify_extmu 3s 4s -25%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal 3s 3s +0%
sk_s2hat_get_poly 3s 2s +50%
unpack_sk 3s 4s -25%
yvec_init 3s 4s -25%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_permute 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_permute_native 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes 2s 1s +100%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 2s 2s +0%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes 2s 1s +100%
mld_value_barrier_i64 2s 2s +0%
pack_sig_h 2s 3s -33%
poly_caddq 2s 5s -60%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 2s 3s -33%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 2s 3s -33%
poly_ntt 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform_4x 2s 3s -33%
poly_uniform_gamma1 2s 3s -33%
poly_use_hint_c 2s 4s -50%
poly_use_hint_native 2s 1s +100%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 2s - new
polyt1_unpack 2s 3s -33%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial 2s 3s -33%
polyveck_pack_w1 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_unpack_eta 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_unpack_z 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 2s 5s -60%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 2s 3s -33%
rej_eta_c 2s 4s -50%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 2s 3s -33%
shake128_absorb 2s 2s +0%
shake128_init 2s 2s +0%
shake128x4_absorb_once 2s 4s -50%
shake256_absorb 2s 3s -33%
shake256_squeeze 2s 2s +0%
sk_s1hat_get_poly 2s 3s -33%
sk_t0hat_get_poly 2s 3s -33%
sys_check_capability 2s 2s +0%
unpack_pk_t1 2s 2s +0%
yvec_get_poly 2s 2s +0%
keccak_finalize 1s 1s +0%
mld_ct_abs_i32 1s 1s +0%
mld_ct_memcmp 1s 1s +0%
poly_caddq_native 1s 3s -67%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x 1s 3s -67%
polyveck_pack_eta 1s 5s -80%
polyw1_pack_88 1s 2s -50%
power2round 1s 3s -67%
shake128_release 1s 3s -67%
shake256_finalize 1s 3s -67%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks 1s 4s -75%
use_hint 1s 3s -67%

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oqs-bot commented Jul 10, 2026

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CBMC Results (ML-DSA-65)

Full Results (206 proofs)
Proof Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** 1795s 1784s +0.6%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c 251s 210s +20%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c 134s 125s +7%
mld_invntt_layer 118s 109s +8%
polyvec_matrix_expand 114s 110s +4%
sign_verify_internal 71s 177s -60%
mld_attempt_signature_generation 70s 63s +11%
mld_ntt_layer 45s 41s +10%
fqmul 44s 40s +10%
sign_signature_internal 32s 55s -42%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial 28s 27s +4%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native 25s 23s +9%
poly_ntt_c 25s 19s +32%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block 23s 24s -4%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec 21s 18s +17%
poly_chknorm_c 17s 15s +13%
rej_uniform 17s 18s -6%
rej_uniform_c 17s 14s +21%
compute_pack_t0_t1 15s 13s +15%
polyt0_unpack 15s 16s -6%
polyveck_decompose 14s 12s +17%
polyz_unpack_c 14s 13s +8%
mld_check_pct 12s 14s -14%
poly_invntt_tomont_c 12s 11s +9%
poly_uniform_4x 12s 13s -8%
poly_uniform_eta_4x 12s 14s -14%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 11s 8s +38%
mld_compute_pack_z 10s 7s +43%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 10s - new
polyveck_invntt_tomont 9s 8s +12%
polyveck_chknorm 8s 6s +33%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 8s 3s +167%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c 7s 6s +17%
ntt_native_x86_64 7s 2s +250%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 7s 6s +17%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 7s 8s -12%
sign_pk_from_sk 7s 6s +17%
mld_sample_s1_s2_serial 6s 4s +50%
poly_add 6s 9s -33%
poly_decompose_c 6s 5s +20%
poly_uniform_eta 6s 4s +50%
polyeta_unpack 6s 8s -25%
polyveck_caddq 6s 6s +0%
polyveck_ntt 6s 7s -14%
polyvecl_ntt 6s 4s +50%
rej_uniform_native 6s 4s +50%
sign_signature 6s 6s +0%
intt_native_aarch64 5s 3s +67%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 5s 5s +0%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native 5s 4s +25%
mld_sample_s1_s2 5s 6s -17%
pack_sig_h 5s 5s +0%
poly_challenge 5s 6s -17%
poly_ntt 5s 2s +150%
poly_shiftl 5s 3s +67%
poly_uniform 5s 4s +25%
polyt1_pack 5s 3s +67%
polyt1_unpack 5s 5s +0%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 5s 2s +150%
rej_eta_native 5s 3s +67%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 5s 4s +25%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 5s 3s +67%
shake128_absorb 5s 2s +150%
shake128_release 5s 3s +67%
shake128x4_absorb_once 5s 3s +67%
sign_keypair 5s 3s +67%
sign_keypair_internal 5s 5s +0%
unpack_pk_t1 5s 5s +0%
intt_native_x86_64 4s 3s +33%
keccak_absorb 4s 3s +33%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) 4s 2s +100%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native 4s 3s +33%
mld_h 4s 2s +100%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c 4s 3s +33%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 4s 3s +33%
pointwise_native_aarch64 4s 5s -20%
poly_caddq_native 4s 2s +100%
poly_chknorm 4s 4s +0%
poly_chknorm_native 4s 2s +100%
poly_decompose 4s 2s +100%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 4s 3s +33%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 4s 3s +33%
poly_invntt_tomont 4s 3s +33%
poly_ntt_native 4s 4s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x 4s 4s +0%
poly_use_hint 4s 3s +33%
poly_use_hint_c 4s 5s -20%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 4s 3s +33%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 4s - new
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row 4s 1s +300%
polyveck_pack_eta 4s 4s +0%
polyvecl_chknorm 4s 7s -43%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery 4s 3s +33%
rej_eta 4s 2s +100%
rej_eta_c 4s 5s -20%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks 4s 3s +33%
shake256_finalize 4s 1s +300%
sig_unpack_hints 4s 2s +100%
sign_signature_extmu 4s 2s +100%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal 4s 3s +33%
sign_verify_extmu 4s 3s +33%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal 4s 5s -20%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 4s 5s -20%
sk_s1hat_get_poly 4s 6s -33%
caddq 3s 3s +0%
fqscale 3s 3s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a 3s 3s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a 3s 4s -25%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid 3s 2s +50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 3s 2s +50%
keccak_finalize 3s 2s +50%
keccak_init 3s 1s +200%
keccak_squeeze 3s 4s -25%
keccakf1600_permute 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 3s 2s +50%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes 3s 1s +200%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix 3s 2s +50%
pack_sig_z 3s 2s +50%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr_s2 3s 2s +50%
pack_sk_s1 3s 5s -40%
pointwise_native_x86_64 3s 3s +0%
poly_caddq_c 3s 2s +50%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose_native 3s 3s +0%
poly_invntt_tomont_native 3s 2s +50%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional 3s 2s +50%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native 3s 4s -25%
poly_reduce 3s 3s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1 3s 3s +0%
poly_use_hint_native 3s 2s +50%
polyeta_pack 3s 3s +0%
polyt0_pack 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_reduce 3s 4s -25%
polyveck_unpack_eta 3s 6s -50%
polyvecl_pack_eta 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_eta 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 3s 3s +0%
shake256_release 3s 2s +50%
shake256_squeeze 3s 3s +0%
sign_verify 3s 3s +0%
sk_t0hat_get_poly 3s 2s +50%
unpack_sk 3s 3s +0%
unpack_sk_t0hat 3s 5s -40%
use_hint 3s 2s +50%
yvec_get_poly 3s 3s +0%
yvec_init 3s 3s +0%
decompose 2s 1s +100%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_permute_native 2s 3s -33%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_memcmp 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_sel_int32 2s 3s -33%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c 2s 2s +0%
mld_value_barrier_u8 2s 3s -33%
montgomery_reduce 2s 4s -50%
ntt_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
pack_sig_c 2s 5s -60%
poly_caddq 2s 2s +0%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 2s 3s -33%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 2s 3s -33%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 2s 1s +100%
poly_pointwise_montgomery 2s 3s -33%
poly_power2round 2s 4s -50%
poly_sub 2s 3s -33%
polyveck_pack_w1 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native 2s 2s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_z 2s 3s -33%
polyw1_pack_32 2s 4s -50%
polyz_pack 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack_native 2s 4s -50%
power2round 2s 1s +100%
reduce32 2s 3s -33%
shake128_finalize 2s 1s +100%
shake128_squeeze 2s 2s +0%
shake256 2s 2s +0%
shake256_init 2s 2s +0%
shake256x4_absorb_once 2s 3s -33%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks 2s 2s +0%
sk_s2hat_get_poly 2s 2s +0%
unpack_sk_s1hat 2s 2s +0%
unpack_sk_s2hat 2s 4s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes 1s 4s -75%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes 1s 1s +0%
make_hint 1s 2s -50%
mld_ct_abs_i32 1s 2s -50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 1s 3s -67%
mld_polymat_expand_entry 1s 4s -75%
mld_value_barrier_i64 1s 2s -50%
mld_value_barrier_u32 1s 3s -67%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 1s 3s -67%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native 1s 3s -67%
polyw1_pack 1s 4s -75%
polyw1_pack_88 1s 2s -50%
shake128_init 1s 2s -50%
shake256_absorb 1s 2s -50%
sys_check_capability 1s 4s -75%

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oqs-bot commented Jul 10, 2026

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CBMC Results (ML-DSA-65, REDUCE-RAM)

Full Results (206 proofs)
Proof Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** 1420s 1482s -4.2%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec 196s 201s -2%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c 116s 116s +0%
mld_invntt_layer 103s 108s -5%
mld_ntt_layer 45s 43s +5%
fqmul 41s 40s +2%
polyvecl_chknorm 40s 43s -7%
polyveck_chknorm 34s 36s -6%
mld_attempt_signature_generation 32s 31s +3%
sign_verify_internal 30s 71s -58%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native 22s 22s +0%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block 22s 25s -12%
poly_ntt_c 20s 22s -9%
poly_chknorm_c 16s 13s +23%
rej_uniform_c 16s 16s +0%
mld_check_pct 14s 12s +17%
polyt0_unpack 13s 13s +0%
polyveck_decompose 12s 14s -14%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 11s 10s +10%
poly_invntt_tomont_c 10s 10s +0%
poly_uniform_eta_4x 10s 13s -23%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 10s - new
polyz_unpack_c 9s 9s +0%
compute_pack_t0_t1 8s 7s +14%
polyveck_caddq 8s 7s +14%
rej_uniform 8s 7s +14%
keccak_absorb 7s 3s +133%
poly_add 7s 7s +0%
poly_decompose_c 7s 8s -12%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row 7s 8s -12%
polyvecl_ntt 7s 7s +0%
sign_pk_from_sk 7s 5s +40%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 6s 2s +200%
ntt_native_x86_64 6s 5s +20%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 6s 5s +20%
polyveck_invntt_tomont 6s 7s -14%
polyveck_reduce 6s 6s +0%
rej_uniform_native 6s 4s +50%
decompose 5s 4s +25%
keccak_finalize 5s 2s +150%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 5s 4s +25%
mld_compute_pack_z 5s 5s +0%
mld_h 5s 3s +67%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c 5s 7s -29%
ntt_native_aarch64 5s 3s +67%
pack_sk_s1 5s 3s +67%
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 5s 6s -17%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 5s 2s +150%
poly_uniform 5s 2s +150%
poly_uniform_eta 5s 5s +0%
polyveck_ntt 5s 4s +25%
polyveck_unpack_eta 5s 3s +67%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial 5s 1s +400%
sign_keypair_internal 5s 3s +67%
sign_signature_internal 5s 6s -17%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal 5s 3s +67%
unpack_sk 5s 3s +67%
intt_native_x86_64 4s 4s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 4s 2s +100%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native 4s 1s +300%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes 4s 2s +100%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 4s 2s +100%
mld_sample_s1_s2 4s 6s -33%
mld_sample_s1_s2_serial 4s 3s +33%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr_s2 4s 2s +100%
poly_caddq_c 4s 5s -20%
poly_challenge 4s 5s -20%
poly_ntt_native 4s 2s +100%
poly_shiftl 4s 3s +33%
poly_uniform_gamma1 4s 3s +33%
polyeta_unpack 4s 4s +0%
polyt0_pack 4s 5s -20%
polyvecl_unpack_eta 4s 2s +100%
polyw1_pack_32 4s 2s +100%
polyz_pack 4s 3s +33%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 4s 2s +100%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 4s 3s +33%
reduce32 4s 2s +100%
shake128_finalize 4s 2s +100%
shake256_init 4s 4s +0%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks 4s 2s +100%
sig_unpack_hints 4s 1s +300%
sign_keypair 4s 4s +0%
sign_signature 4s 5s -20%
sign_verify 4s 6s -33%
sk_s2hat_get_poly 4s 1s +300%
use_hint 4s 2s +100%
caddq 3s 2s +50%
fqscale 3s 3s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a 3s 2s +50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a 3s 2s +50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid 3s 3s +0%
keccak_init 3s 4s -25%
keccakf1600_permute 3s 4s -25%
mld_ct_abs_i32 3s 6s -50%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 3s 3s +0%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c 3s 2s +50%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix 3s 4s -25%
mld_value_barrier_i64 3s 2s +50%
mld_value_barrier_u32 3s 4s -25%
pack_sig_z 3s 1s +200%
pointwise_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
pointwise_native_x86_64 3s 2s +50%
poly_caddq 3s 3s +0%
poly_caddq_native 3s 4s -25%
poly_chknorm 3s 3s +0%
poly_chknorm_native 3s 4s -25%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 3s 4s -25%
poly_invntt_tomont 3s 5s -40%
poly_invntt_tomont_native 3s 5s -40%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional 3s 3s +0%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native 3s 3s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native 3s 4s -25%
poly_power2round 3s 7s -57%
poly_reduce 3s 4s -25%
poly_sub 3s 4s -25%
poly_uniform_4x 3s 4s -25%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
polyt1_unpack 3s 3s +0%
polyvec_matrix_expand 3s 6s -50%
polyveck_pack_eta 3s 3s +0%
polyveck_pack_w1 3s 4s -25%
polyvecl_pack_eta 3s 2s +50%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_z 3s 1s +200%
polyw1_pack_88 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
polyz_unpack_native 3s 3s +0%
rej_eta_c 3s 4s -25%
rej_eta_native 3s 3s +0%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
shake128_squeeze 3s 3s +0%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks 3s 2s +50%
shake256_absorb 3s 4s -25%
shake256_finalize 3s 1s +200%
shake256_squeeze 3s 4s -25%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 3s 7s -57%
sign_verify_extmu 3s 2s +50%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal 3s 5s -40%
sys_check_capability 3s 1s +200%
unpack_sk_s1hat 3s 1s +200%
yvec_get_poly 3s 3s +0%
intt_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid 2s 3s -33%
keccak_squeeze 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_permute_native 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute 2s 1s +100%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_memcmp 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_sel_int32 2s 2s +0%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes 2s 2s +0%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c 2s 2s +0%
mld_polymat_expand_entry 2s 3s -33%
mld_value_barrier_u8 2s 1s +100%
montgomery_reduce 2s 1s +100%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 2s 3s -33%
pack_sig_c 2s 3s -33%
pack_sig_h 2s 2s +0%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 2s 1s +100%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 2s 4s -50%
poly_decompose_native 2s 5s -60%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 2s 2s +0%
poly_ntt 2s 2s +0%
poly_pointwise_montgomery 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint 2s 3s -33%
poly_use_hint_c 2s 2s +0%
poly_use_hint_native 2s 7s -71%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 2s - new
polyeta_pack 2s 1s +100%
polyt1_pack 2s 3s -33%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 2s 4s -50%
polyw1_pack 2s 3s -33%
polyz_unpack 2s 3s -33%
power2round 2s 2s +0%
rej_eta 2s 5s -60%
shake128x4_absorb_once 2s 2s +0%
shake256 2s 2s +0%
sign_signature_extmu 2s 4s -50%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 2s 6s -67%
sk_s1hat_get_poly 2s 3s -33%
sk_t0hat_get_poly 2s 1s +100%
unpack_pk_t1 2s 2s +0%
unpack_sk_s2hat 2s 3s -33%
unpack_sk_t0hat 2s 4s -50%
yvec_init 2s 5s -60%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) 1s 3s -67%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes 1s 4s -75%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes 1s 4s -75%
make_hint 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 1s 1s +0%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 1s 4s -75%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 1s 2s -50%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x 1s 3s -67%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c 1s 3s -67%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native 1s 3s -67%
shake128_absorb 1s 2s -50%
shake128_init 1s 6s -83%
shake128_release 1s 2s -50%
shake256_release 1s 3s -67%
shake256x4_absorb_once 1s 2s -50%

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oqs-bot commented Jul 10, 2026

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CBMC Results (ML-DSA-87)

Full Results (206 proofs)
Proof Status Current Previous Change
**TOTAL** 2143s 2151s -0.4%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_c 373s 353s +6%
polyvec_matrix_expand 315s 324s -3%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_c 131s 144s -9%
mld_invntt_layer 112s 115s -3%
sign_verify_internal 80s 97s -18%
sign_signature_internal 61s 42s +45%
mld_attempt_signature_generation 56s 55s +2%
mld_ntt_layer 49s 45s +9%
fqmul 41s 43s -5%
polyvec_matrix_expand_serial 38s 38s +0%
mld_ntt_butterfly_block 24s 24s +0%
keccakf1600x4_permute_native 23s 23s +0%
poly_ntt_c 20s 21s -5%
compute_pack_t0_t1 19s 19s +0%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_yvec 18s 18s +0%
rej_uniform 18s 15s +20%
polyt0_unpack 17s 14s +21%
poly_chknorm_c 16s 15s +7%
polyeta_unpack 15s 17s -12%
rej_uniform_c 15s 19s -21%
poly_uniform_4x 13s 13s +0%
mld_check_pct 12s 16s -25%
poly_uniform_eta_4x 12s 11s +9%
polyveck_decompose 12s 13s -8%
poly_invntt_tomont_c 11s 12s -8%
keccak_absorb_once_x4 10s 9s +11%
rej_uniform_native_x86_64 10s - new
pointwise_acc_native_aarch64 9s 6s +50%
pointwise_acc_native_x86_64 9s 6s +50%
polyveck_invntt_tomont 9s 9s +0%
polyveck_ntt 9s 11s -18%
polyvecl_ntt 9s 7s +29%
mld_sample_s1_s2_serial 8s 8s +0%
poly_add 8s 6s +33%
mld_compute_pack_z 7s 8s -12%
mld_keccakf1600_permute_c 7s 7s +0%
mld_sample_s1_s2 7s 6s +17%
polyt1_unpack 7s 4s +75%
polyveck_caddq 7s 8s -12%
rej_uniform_native 7s 8s -12%
poly_decompose_c 6s 5s +20%
poly_sub 6s 3s +100%
poly_uniform 6s 4s +50%
poly_uniform_eta 6s 4s +50%
rej_uniform_eta_native_aarch64 6s 5s +20%
sign_pk_from_sk 6s 6s +0%
sign_verify 6s 5s +20%
unpack_sk 6s 5s +20%
unpack_sk_t0hat 6s 7s -14%
yvec_init 6s 4s +50%
montgomery_reduce 5s 3s +67%
poly_caddq_native 5s 4s +25%
poly_invntt_tomont_native 5s 5s +0%
poly_use_hint_native 5s 3s +67%
polyeta_pack 5s 4s +25%
polyt1_pack 5s 3s +67%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1 5s 2s +150%
polyz_unpack_17_native_aarch64 5s 3s +67%
polyz_unpack_native_x86_64 5s 3s +67%
shake128_init 5s 1s +400%
sign_keypair_internal 5s 6s -17%
decompose 4s 3s +33%
intt_native_x86_64 4s 3s +33%
keccak_absorb 4s 3s +33%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v84a 4s 4s +0%
keccak_squeezeblocks_x4 4s 4s +0%
keccakf1600_extract_bytes (big endian) 4s 3s +33%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_native 4s 3s +33%
mld_keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes_c 4s 4s +0%
pack_sk_s1 4s 1s +300%
poly_caddq_native_aarch64 4s 3s +33%
poly_caddq_native_x86_64 4s 2s +100%
poly_challenge 4s 5s -20%
poly_chknorm_native 4s 4s +0%
poly_chknorm_native_x86_64 4s 2s +100%
poly_ntt 4s 3s +33%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional_native 4s 5s -20%
poly_use_hint 4s 1s +300%
poly_use_hint_c 4s 2s +100%
polyt0_pack 4s 4s +0%
polyvec_matrix_pointwise_montgomery_row 4s 3s +33%
polyveck_chknorm 4s 3s +33%
polyveck_pack_w1 4s 3s +33%
polyveck_unpack_eta 4s 4s +0%
polyvecl_chknorm 4s 7s -43%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery 4s 5s -20%
rej_eta_native 4s 6s -33%
shake256_absorb 4s 2s +100%
sign_keypair 4s 4s +0%
sign_signature_extmu 4s 4s +0%
sign_signature_pre_hash_shake256 4s 6s -33%
sign_verify_pre_hash_internal 4s 3s +33%
sign_verify_pre_hash_shake256 4s 3s +33%
sk_s2hat_get_poly 4s 3s +33%
unpack_pk_t1 4s 1s +300%
unpack_sk_s1hat 4s 2s +100%
use_hint 4s 3s +33%
yvec_get_poly 4s 4s +0%
caddq 3s 4s -25%
intt_native_aarch64 3s 3s +0%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64 3s 1s +200%
keccak_f1600_x1_native_aarch64_v84a 3s 1s +200%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_avx2 3s 2s +50%
keccak_finalize 3s 1s +200%
keccakf1600_permute_native 3s 4s -25%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes 3s 3s +0%
keccakf1600_xor_bytes (big endian) 3s 2s +50%
keccakf1600x4_permute 3s 3s +0%
make_hint 3s 3s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u32 3s 2s +50%
mld_ct_cmask_nonzero_u8 3s 3s +0%
mld_ct_memcmp 3s 3s +0%
mld_h 3s 3s +0%
mld_keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_c 3s 2s +50%
mld_polymat_expand_entry 3s 3s +0%
mld_prepare_domain_separation_prefix 3s 4s -25%
mld_value_barrier_u32 3s 2s +50%
pack_sig_h 3s 4s -25%
pack_sk_rho_key_tr_s2 3s 3s +0%
pointwise_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
pointwise_native_x86_64 3s 2s +50%
poly_caddq_c 3s 3s +0%
poly_chknorm_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
poly_decompose_32_native_aarch64 3s 5s -40%
poly_decompose_native 3s 2s +50%
poly_decompose_native_x86_64 3s 2s +50%
poly_power2round 3s 3s +0%
poly_shiftl 3s 4s -25%
poly_uniform_gamma1_4x 3s 3s +0%
poly_use_hint_native_aarch64 3s 2s +50%
poly_use_hint_native_x86_64 3s - new
polyveck_pack_eta 3s 6s -50%
polyvecl_pack_eta 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_pointwise_acc_montgomery_native 3s 3s +0%
polyvecl_unpack_z 3s 4s -25%
polyw1_pack 3s 4s -25%
polyw1_pack_32 3s 4s -25%
polyw1_pack_88 3s 3s +0%
polyz_unpack 3s 2s +50%
polyz_unpack_19_native_aarch64 3s 4s -25%
polyz_unpack_c 3s 3s +0%
rej_eta 3s 4s -25%
rej_eta_c 3s 5s -40%
shake256 3s 2s +50%
shake256_finalize 3s 2s +50%
shake256_release 3s 3s +0%
shake256_squeeze 3s 2s +50%
sign_signature 3s 5s -40%
sign_signature_pre_hash_internal 3s 5s -40%
sign_verify_extmu 3s 3s +0%
sk_s1hat_get_poly 3s 3s +0%
unpack_sk_s2hat 3s 3s +0%
fqscale 2s 3s -33%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_v84a_scalar_hybrid 2s 4s -50%
keccak_init 2s 3s -33%
keccak_squeeze 2s 2s +0%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes_native 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_cmask_neg_i32 2s 4s -50%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_i64 2s 3s -33%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u32 2s 2s +0%
mld_ct_sel_int32 2s 3s -33%
mld_value_barrier_i64 2s 1s +100%
mld_value_barrier_u8 2s 3s -33%
ntt_native_aarch64 2s 6s -67%
ntt_native_x86_64 2s 2s +0%
nttunpack_native_x86_64 2s 3s -33%
pack_sig_c 2s 4s -50%
pack_sig_z 2s 5s -60%
poly_caddq 2s 2s +0%
poly_decompose_88_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
poly_invntt_tomont 2s 1s +100%
poly_ntt_native 2s 3s -33%
poly_permute_bitrev_to_custom_optional 2s 3s -33%
poly_pointwise_montgomery 2s 4s -50%
poly_pointwise_montgomery_native 2s 5s -60%
poly_reduce 2s 2s +0%
poly_uniform_gamma1 2s 4s -50%
polyveck_reduce 2s 3s -33%
polyvecl_uniform_gamma1_serial 2s 4s -50%
polyvecl_unpack_eta 2s 5s -60%
polyz_pack 2s 5s -60%
reduce32 2s 3s -33%
rej_uniform_native_aarch64 2s 2s +0%
shake128_finalize 2s 2s +0%
shake128_squeeze 2s 2s +0%
shake128x4_absorb_once 2s 5s -60%
shake128x4_squeezeblocks 2s 3s -33%
shake256_init 2s 2s +0%
shake256x4_absorb_once 2s 2s +0%
shake256x4_squeezeblocks 2s 1s +100%
sig_unpack_hints 2s 3s -33%
sk_t0hat_get_poly 2s 4s -50%
keccak_f1600_x4_native_aarch64_v8a_scalar_hybrid 1s 3s -67%
keccakf1600_permute 1s 3s -67%
keccakf1600x4_extract_bytes 1s 2s -50%
keccakf1600x4_xor_bytes 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_abs_i32 1s 3s -67%
mld_ct_get_optblocker_u8 1s 3s -67%
mld_keccakf1600_extract_bytes 1s 4s -75%
poly_chknorm 1s 3s -67%
poly_decompose 1s 3s -67%
polyz_unpack_native 1s 4s -75%
power2round 1s 4s -75%
shake128_absorb 1s 4s -75%
shake128_release 1s 4s -75%
sys_check_capability 1s 3s -67%

@bremoran bremoran force-pushed the armv81m-keccak-x1 branch 2 times, most recently from f875a73 to a1dde44 Compare July 14, 2026 06:05
@bremoran bremoran force-pushed the armv81m-keccak-x1 branch from a1dde44 to e8a49a1 Compare July 14, 2026 10:42
bremoran added 2 commits July 14, 2026 21:42
Signed-off-by: Brendan Moran <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Brendan Moran <[email protected]>
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2 participants