feat: complete core standard library support

[nedanwr]

Summary

Complete the core standard library surface for 0.6.0 with VM builtins, LSP completions, tests, and API documentation.

Changes

• Add core standard library builtins for math, string, collections, JSON, time, and OS/runtime helpers
• Add VM support for process arguments and clean exit requests
• Register new builtins for global and module-qualified access
• Expose core stdlib functions in LSP completion results
• Add unit coverage for math/string, collections, JSON round-tripping, time/OS helpers, and clean exits
• Document the new API functions in the website docs
• Mark core stdlib completion progress in the roadmap

Testing

• Added VM unit tests for core stdlib behavior

• Added LSP completion coverage for representative 0.6.0 stdlib functions

• All existing tests pass

• New tests added (if applicable)

• Examples updated (if applicable)

• Memory leak checks pass (if applicable)

Documentation

• Added API docs for collection aggregation functions

• Added API docs for math transcendental functions

• Added API docs for string finding and casing functions

• Added runtime API docs to the API docs nav

• Examples updated (if applicable)

• README/docs updated (if applicable)

Breaking Changes

None

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✨ Finishing Touches

🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)

• Create PR with unit tests
• Commit unit tests in branch feat/core-stdlib-completion

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