Feat/sam3 onnx hub support (issue #324)#582
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SAM 3 (facebook/sam3) requires transformers>=5, but optimum-onnx pins
transformers<4.58, so the standard HF + Optimum export route SAM 2 uses
is blocked. This change wires SAM 3 in through the existing pre-exported
ONNX (Scenario D) pipeline by recognizing path-style Hub references
('org/repo/path/to/file.onnx') and downloading the file once via
huggingface_hub.
Changes:
- New src/winml/modelkit/loader/onnx_hub.py: is_hf_onnx_path,
resolve_hf_onnx_path. Mirrors the is_xxx/resolve_xxx pair pattern
used by is_compiled_onnx/is_quantized_onnx.
- Wire into wmk config, wmk build, and WinMLAutoModel.from_pretrained
with the same 2-line 'if is_hf_onnx_path(x): x = str(resolve_hf_onnx_path(x))'
pattern.
- Add 2 sam3_tracker entries to hub_models.json so 'wmk hub --model-type
sam3_tracker' lists them.
- Tests: 12 unit tests for the resolver, 2 CLI plumbing tests, and 3
end-to-end integration tests (slow/network/integration).
The existing build_onnx_model pipeline runs unchanged on the resolved
local path: the int8 ONNX is auto-detected as quantized via
is_quantized_onnx, the quantization stage is skipped, and the artifact
flows through Optimize -> Analyze<->Optimize -> Compile -> Finalize.
consumer. Also fix two latent bugs in the build pipeline that any QOperator-quantized model would have hit. Background ---------- Issue #324 asks for SAM 2-style native HuggingFace export support for ``facebook/sam3`` (Sam3*IOConfig, Sam3ModelPatcher, etc.). That path is blocked by an upstream constraint: ``optimum-onnx`` pins ``transformers<4.58``, but ``facebook/sam3`` requires ``transformers>=5`` (the ``Sam3Model`` class only exists there). Resolving the pin would need either an upstream optimum-onnx PR or vendoring SAM 3 patcher code that bypasses optimum entirely. Instead, this PR introduces a generic "Hub-hosted ONNX file" input form and lets SAM 3 ride on the existing pre-exported-ONNX (Scenario D) pipeline that already worked for any local ``.onnx`` file. The infrastructure is reusable for any future model with similar version constraints (Whisper / Phi / RWKV / etc. all ship pre-exported ONNX repos on the Hub today). What's added ------------ 1. Hub-hosted ONNX URI resolver - ``loader/onnx_hub.py``: ``is_hf_onnx_path()``, ``resolve_hf_onnx_path()``, ``maybe_resolve_hf_onnx_path()`` - Recognizes inputs of the form ``<org>/<repo>/<path/to/file>.onnx``, downloads via ``huggingface_hub.hf_hub_download``, returns the local cache path. Falls through unchanged for HF model IDs / local paths / ``None``. - Best-effort ``.onnx_data`` sidecar fetch for >2 GiB models. ``EntryNotFoundError`` is expected (inlined weights); ``OSError`` surfaces as a WARNING (disk/permission/network problems should not be silently dropped — the model would later fail to load with a confusing error). 2. CLI wiring (every command that accepts a model identifier) - ``wmk config`` / ``wmk build``: resolve at the top of the command - ``wmk inspect``: friendly "ONNX inspection not yet supported" error for Hub-ONNX refs (matches local .onnx UX) - ``wmk run`` / ``wmk serve``: ``InferenceEngine.load()`` and ``load_schema_only()`` resolve before routing - ``wmk perf``: resolve before the ``Path(model_id).suffix == '.onnx' and exists()`` check (otherwise Hub refs are mistaken for missing local files and rejected with FileNotFoundError) - ``wmk eval``: ``_resolve_model_path`` resolves before the local existence check - ``WinMLAutoModel.from_pretrained``: resolves before HF/ONNX dispatch - Stage-tool commands (``analyze``/``optimize``/``quantize``/ ``compile``/``export``) intentionally NOT wired — they take ``click.Path(exists=True)`` and operate on local files only. 3. SAM 3 catalog entries (``data/hub_models.json``) - Two entries for ``onnx-community/sam3-tracker-ONNX``: the vision encoder and the prompt-encoder + mask-decoder. Note: was already present in the base branch — this PR does not modify it. 4. Integration tests (``tests/integration/test_sam3_e2e.py``) - 4 decoder tests + 2 encoder tests, marked ``@slow @network @integration`` - Asserts: Hub URI resolves, quantization detected, build produces ``model.onnx``, autoconf produces an ``optimization_config``, and for the encoder: pre-quantized round-trip preserves the ``ConvInteger`` / ``MatMulInteger`` ops byte-identically. - Skips narrowed to ``HfHubHTTPError`` / ``OSError`` only — real bugs in the build/analyze pipeline will surface as test failures rather than green skips. Bugs fixed (would affect any QOperator-quantized model, not just SAM 3) --------------------------------------------------------------------- A. ``is_quantized_onnx`` only detected QDQ format (``QuantizeLinear`` / ``DequantizeLinear``). The SAM 3 vision encoder uses ``QuantFormat.QOperator`` (no QDQ pairs, just integer ops: ``ConvInteger``, ``MatMulInteger``, ``QLinear*``). Previously misclassified as not quantized → routed through the optimize + quantize stages → tried to re-quantize an already-int8 model. Fix: ``compiler/utils.py`` adds ``QOPERATOR_OP_TYPES`` and ``QUANTIZATION_OP_TYPES = QDQ ∪ QOperator``. ``onnx/detection.py`` uses the union. B. The ``is_pre_quantized`` branches in ``build_onnx_model``, ``build_hf_model``, and the CLI's ``_build_onnx_pipeline`` logged "skipping optimize" but still invoked ``optimize_onnx`` → ``ort_graph`` → loaded the model into an ORT session. For QOperator models on hosts without a CPU ``ConvInteger`` kernel (e.g. ``onnxruntime-windowsml`` 1.23.x), this crashes the build stage with ``NOT_IMPLEMENTED``. Fix: ``build/common.py::run_optimize_analyze_loop`` gains a real ``skip_optimize: bool`` knob that bypasses ``optimize_onnx`` and the autoconf re-optim loop, just copying the input as the "optimized" artifact. All three pre-quantized branches now pass ``skip_optimize=True``. The downstream behavior (skip quantize + skip compile when configured) is unchanged. Verification ------------ - ``onnx.checker.check_model(full_check=True)`` passes on built artifacts - Built decoder produces NUMERICALLY IDENTICAL outputs to input decoder (``max|built - input| = 0.0`` across all 3 outputs) — pre-quantized round-trip is a true pass-through, not just structurally similar - Encoder runtime feasibility on CPU is identical to input encoder (both fail on CPU because of upstream ORT ``ConvInteger`` kernel gap; encoder requires NPU EP — unchanged from input) - Decoder real inference produces sane SAM-shaped outputs: ``iou_scores ∈ [0, 1]``, ``pred_masks`` logits span both signs, ``object_score_logits`` non-degenerate Test count ---------- - 4518 unit tests pass (+12 new regression tests across: ``test_onnx_hub.py``, ``test_detection.py``, ``test_eval.py``, ``test_perf_cli.py``, ``test_engine.py``) - 6 integration tests pass (live HF download, ~30s) - Ruff check + format clean on all 24 changed files Silent-skip audit (per SAM 2 review feedback) --------------------------------------------- Removed ``except Exception: pytest.skip(...)`` patterns from SAM 3 integration tests — they were swallowing real bugs (including the ``ConvInteger`` regression fixed in this PR). All skips now narrowed to ``HfHubHTTPError`` / ``OSError`` (network) or specific runtime exceptions; ``RuntimeError`` from ``build_onnx_model`` and ``analyze_onnx`` now fails loudly. Removed unnecessary ``pytest.importorskip("huggingface_hub")`` (it's a hard transitive dep). Sidecar download ``OSError`` now logs WARNING instead of DEBUG. Known limitations (not addressed in this PR) -------------------------------------------- - SAM 3 encoder requires NPU EP (QNN / OpenVINO / VitisAI) because ``onnxruntime-windowsml`` ships no CPU kernel for ``ConvInteger(10)``. This is true for both the input and built artifact — our build preserves runtime behavior exactly. Decoder uses ``MatMulInteger`` and runs on either CPU or NPU. - Catalog entries for SAM 3 have ``quantization: null`` so ``wmk perf`` falls back to default random-input shapes that violate the SAM 3 decoder's internal reshape constraints. Populating ``quantization.input_tensors`` with proper shape hints (the pattern every other catalog entry follows) is the recommended fix; out of scope for this PR.
| # Union of all quantization op types (QDQ + QOperator). Use this for | ||
| # "is the model already quantized?" detection regardless of which format | ||
| # the producer used. | ||
| QUANTIZATION_OP_TYPES: frozenset[str] = QDQ_OP_TYPES | QOPERATOR_OP_TYPES |
| """Pre-exported SAM 3 ONNX flows through Scenario D end-to-end.""" | ||
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| @pytest.fixture(scope="class") | ||
| def sam3_onnx_path(self) -> Path: |
| """ | ||
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| @pytest.fixture(scope="class") | ||
| def encoder_onnx_path(self) -> Path: |
| from typing import TYPE_CHECKING | ||
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| import numpy as np | ||
| import onnx |
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Pull request overview
Adds support for Hub-hosted pre-exported ONNX inputs (<org>/<repo>/<path>.onnx) to enable SAM 3 consumption via Scenario D, and fixes pre-quantized (QDQ + QOperator) detection/routing so already-quantized models skip ORT optimization/quantization stages that can crash on unsupported integer kernels.
Changes:
- Introduces
loader/onnx_hub.pyto recognize and download Hub-hosted ONNX files (plus best-effort.onnx_datasidecars), and wires resolution into multiple entry points (CLI + inference/model loading). - Expands
is_quantized_onnxto detect QOperator quantized models and adds shared quant-op constants. - Updates build pipelines to honor “pre-quantized” routing (skip optimize/quantize) and adds regression/unit/integration tests for SAM 3 and Hub-ONNX refs.
Reviewed changes
Copilot reviewed 26 out of 26 changed files in this pull request and generated 4 comments.
Show a summary per file
| File | Description |
|---|---|
| tests/unit/onnx/test_detection.py | New tests for quantized (QDQ + QOperator) and compiled ONNX detection. |
| tests/unit/loader/test_onnx_hub.py | New unit tests for Hub-ONNX path detection/splitting/downloading behavior. |
| tests/unit/inference/test_engine.py | Ensures Hub-ONNX refs are resolved before inference routing logic. |
| tests/unit/commands/test_perf_cli.py | Verifies winml perf resolves Hub-ONNX refs before ONNX path validation. |
| tests/unit/commands/test_hub_onnx_ref.py | New CLI tests for wmk config/wmk build with Hub-hosted ONNX refs. |
| tests/unit/commands/test_eval.py | Adds Hub-ONNX resolution coverage in eval model-path resolution. |
| tests/unit/build/test_onnx.py | Regression tests ensuring pre-quantized ONNX skips optimize/quantize stages. |
| tests/unit/build/test_hf.py | Regression tests ensuring pre-quantized exported ONNX skips optimize/quantize stages. |
| tests/integration/test_sam3_e2e.py | End-to-end integration tests for SAM3 decoder + encoder via Hub-hosted ONNX artifacts. |
| src/winml/modelkit/onnx/detection.py | Updates quantized detection to use unified QDQ+QOperator op set. |
| src/winml/modelkit/models/auto.py | Resolves Hub-ONNX refs before fast-path ONNX/HF routing in from_pretrained. |
| src/winml/modelkit/loader/onnx_hub.py | New implementation for Hub-hosted ONNX ref resolution via hf_hub_download. |
| src/winml/modelkit/loader/init.py | Re-exports Hub-ONNX helper APIs. |
| src/winml/modelkit/inference/engine.py | Normalizes Hub-ONNX refs to local paths in load and load_schema_only. |
| src/winml/modelkit/data/hub_models.json | Adds SAM3 encoder/decoder catalog entries using Hub-ONNX refs. |
| src/winml/modelkit/compiler/utils.py | Adds QOperator + union quantization op-type constants. |
| src/winml/modelkit/compiler/init.py | Exposes new quantization op-type constants from compiler package. |
| src/winml/modelkit/commands/perf.py | Resolves Hub-ONNX refs prior to ONNX path checks. |
| src/winml/modelkit/commands/inspect.py | Treats Hub-ONNX refs as ONNX inputs for consistent “not supported” messaging. |
| src/winml/modelkit/commands/eval.py | Resolves Hub-ONNX refs before validating ONNX file existence. |
| src/winml/modelkit/commands/config.py | Resolves Hub-ONNX refs before dispatching config generation path. |
| src/winml/modelkit/commands/build.py | Resolves Hub-ONNX refs and adds skip-optimize plumbing for ONNX pipeline. |
| src/winml/modelkit/build/onnx.py | Ensures pre-quantized models skip ORT optimize and don’t crash on QOperator ops. |
| src/winml/modelkit/build/hf.py | Same as above for HF-exported ONNX artifacts that are already quantized. |
| src/winml/modelkit/build/common.py | Adds skip_optimize to the shared optimize/analyze loop. |
| README.md | Documents Hub-hosted ONNX input form and supported commands. |
Comments suppressed due to low confidence (1)
src/winml/modelkit/commands/build.py:1162
--no-optimizesetsextra_kwargs["skip_optimize"], but_build_onnx_pipeline()never reads it. As a result, the CLI flag has no effect unlessis_quantized_onnx()happens to detect the model as pre-quantized. Consider consumingextra_kwargs.pop("skip_optimize", False)and combining it withis_pre_quantized(and settingmax_iters=0when skipping) so users can force skipping the optimize/autoconf stage for problematic ONNX inputs.
from ..onnx import copy_onnx_model, is_quantized_onnx
max_iters: int = extra_kwargs.pop("hack_max_optim_iterations", 3)
# ── Validate + setup ─────────────────────────────────────────
if not onnx_path.exists():
raise FileNotFoundError(f"ONNX file not found: {onnx_path}")
try:
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| # ``ConvInteger``. Skip the optimize pass and the autoconf re-optim | ||
| # loop; analyze still runs lint-only. |
| logger.info( | ||
| "Pre-quantized model detected (QDQ nodes present). " | ||
| "Pre-quantized model detected (QDQ or QOperator nodes present). " | ||
| "Skipping optimize + quantize, running analyze-only." | ||
| ) | ||
| stages_skipped.append("optimize") | ||
| # Optimize+analyze only, no autoconf re-optimization | ||
| # Analyze-only: skip ORT-based graph optimization (no kernel for | ||
| # QOperator ops like ConvInteger on the host EP), no autoconf loop. | ||
| current_path, _, analyze_iters, analyze_unsupported, analyze_details = ( |
| if is_pre_quantized: | ||
| logger.info( | ||
| "Pre-quantized model detected (QDQ nodes present). " | ||
| "Pre-quantized model detected (QDQ or QOperator nodes present). " | ||
| "Skipping optimize + quantize, running analyze-only." | ||
| ) | ||
| stages_skipped.append("optimize") | ||
| # Optimize+analyze only, no autoconf re-optimization | ||
| # Analyze-only: skip ORT-based graph optimization (no kernel for | ||
| # QOperator ops like ConvInteger on the host EP), no autoconf loop. | ||
| current_path, _, analyze_iterations, analyze_unsupported_nodes, analyze_details = ( |
| ep: Target execution provider for the analyzer. | ||
| device: Target device for the analyzer. | ||
| max_optim_iterations: Maximum autoconf re-optimization rounds. | ||
| 0 means optimize+analyze only (no autoconf re-optimization). | ||
| skip_optimize: When True, skip the initial ``optimize_onnx`` call and | ||
| just copy the input model to ``optimized_path``. Used for | ||
| pre-quantized models (QDQ or QOperator format) where ORT-based |
DingmaomaoBJTU
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(supersedes the earlier review — consolidated with design feedback)
Code-level issues
See inline comments below.
One additional nit not inlined (existing code, not touched by this PR): _run_quantize_stage at line 952 of commands/build.py still says "(QDQ nodes already present)". Since this PR broadens detection to cover QOperator, the message should read "(QDQ or QOperator nodes already present)" for consistency with the log messages updated in build/onnx.py and build/hf.py.
Design feedback
Three structural concerns — the bug fixes (QOperator detection, skip_optimize) are solid, but the way the Hub-ONNX input form is introduced creates maintenance surface that should be addressed before or shortly after merge.
1. "Hub-hosted ONNX" is not a distinct input type — it is a download step
org/repo/path/file.onnx -> hf_hub_download() -> /local/cache/file.onnx
After the download, this is just a local .onnx file. The downstream pipeline does not (and should not) care that it once lived on the Hub. Yet the PR threads detection logic (is_hf_onnx_path / maybe_resolve_hf_onnx_path) through 7+ command entry points, giving it the status of a persistent input type. This inflates both the concept count and the code surface.
A cleaner model is: resolve once at a single entry point, return a local path, downstream is unaware.
2. Model input identification needs a single resolver — is_hub_model already exists
hub_utils.py already has is_hub_model() with comprehensive local-path rejection (checks Path.exists(), ./, ../, ~/, Windows drive letters). The new is_hf_onnx_path reimplements only Path.exists(), missing the other cases.
The codebase now has three parallel detection mechanisms with no shared logic:
| Input form | Detector | Local-path rejection |
|---|---|---|
HF model ID (org/model) |
is_hub_model() |
Full (exists, ./, ../, ~/, Win drive) |
| Local ONNX file | scattered path.suffix == ".onnx" checks |
N/A |
Hub-hosted ONNX (org/repo/path.onnx) |
is_hf_onnx_path() (new) |
Partial (only Path.exists()) |
Suggested direction: a single resolve_model_input() that classifies and resolves in one place, reusing is_hub_model's rejection logic. Each command calls it once; adding a fourth input form means changing one function, not 7+.
def resolve_model_input(value: str) -> ModelInput:
# 1. Local-path rejection (reuse is_hub_model logic)
# 2. If org/repo/path.onnx -> download -> return as local_onnx
# 3. If org/model -> return as hf_id
# 4. If local .onnx exists -> return as local_onnx
# No persistent "hub_onnx" type needed3. Pre-quantized ONNX handling should be decided once, not scattered across three pipelines
The detect-and-skip logic lives independently in three places with inconsistent behavior:
| Location | Detects via | Skips optimize | Skips quantize |
|---|---|---|---|
build/onnx.py |
is_quantized_onnx() |
skip_optimize=True |
Explicit |
build/hf.py |
is_quantized_onnx() |
skip_optimize=True |
Explicit |
commands/build.py |
is_quantized_onnx() |
skip_optimize=True |
Relies on user config having quant: null |
Plus _run_quantize_stage has its own is_quantized_onnx() guard (line 951) — a fourth detection point.
The CLI pipeline is the odd one out: if a user provides a config with quant settings for a pre-quantized model, it will attempt to re-quantize. The library functions protect against this; the CLI does not.
Suggested direction: detect once at pipeline entry, stamp the result onto WinMLBuildConfig (e.g. config.skip_optimize = True; config.quant = None), and have all downstream stages read config. This also eliminates redundant is_quantized_onnx calls on the same model.
4. No discovery mechanism for Hub ONNX files
The current UX requires the user to already know the exact file path inside a Hub repo (onnx/vision_encoder_int8.onnx), the right variant (fp32 vs int8, encoder vs decoder), and the task. Compare with the HF model ID flow where architecture, task, and export are all auto-detected.
The only discovery path is the static hub_models.json catalog, which is manually curated. If this is an intentional V1 scope limitation, it should be documented as such. Otherwise, consider accepting a repo ID (onnx-community/sam3-tracker-ONNX) and listing available .onnx files, or reading repo metadata to auto-configure task and roles.
| # is downloaded once and treated as a local .onnx path thereafter. | ||
| from ..loader import maybe_resolve_hf_onnx_path | ||
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| model_path = maybe_resolve_hf_onnx_path(str(model_path)) or str(model_path) |
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Dead code: or str(model_path) never triggers. maybe_resolve_hf_onnx_path(str(x)) always returns a non-None string when given a non-None string — it only returns None when the input is None. Since str(model_path) is never None, the or branch is unreachable.
Every other call site in this PR uses the simpler pattern:
model_id = maybe_resolve_hf_onnx_path(model_id)Suggestion: drop the or to match the other sites, or add a comment explaining the defensive intent. Same applies to load_schema_only below (line 383).
| **onnx_kwargs, | ||
| **config.optim, | ||
| ) | ||
| # 1. Optimize (or skip for pre-quantized models) |
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skip_optimize=True + max_optim_iterations > 0 is not guarded. All current callers pair skip_optimize=True with max_optim_iterations=0, so this is not a live bug. However, the function contract allows a caller to pass both skip_optimize=True and max_optim_iterations=3, in which case the autoconf loop would discover flags and call optimize_onnx on a pre-quantized model — the exact crash this fix prevents.
Consider making the invariant self-enforcing:
if skip_optimize:
max_optim_iterations = 0 # re-optimize would crash on pre-quantized models| # Union of all quantization op types (QDQ + QOperator). Use this for | ||
| # "is the model already quantized?" detection regardless of which format | ||
| # the producer used. | ||
| QUANTIZATION_OP_TYPES: frozenset[str] = QDQ_OP_TYPES | QOPERATOR_OP_TYPES |
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Consider adding DynamicQuantizeLinear (and DynamicQuantizeMatMul). DynamicQuantizeLinear is a standard ONNX op (opset 11+) used in dynamic quantization. Models quantized via onnxruntime.quantization with QuantType.QUInt8 in dynamic mode contain this op instead of static QDQ pairs or QOperator fused ops.
Without it, a dynamically-quantized model would not be detected by is_quantized_onnx and would be routed through optimize + quantize. If this is an intentional exclusion (SAM 3 uses static QOperator), a comment noting the limitation would help.
| ``.onnx`` file, and best-effort fetches an optional | ||
| ``<filename>.onnx_data`` sidecar so the ONNX loader can find external | ||
| initializers. | ||
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Case-sensitive .onnx check vs case-insensitive gate in eval.py. This uses model_id.endswith(".onnx") (case-sensitive), while eval.py:_resolve_model_path gates on Path(value).suffix.lower() == ".onnx" (case-insensitive). A Hub ref ending in .ONNX would pass the eval gate but fail here, producing a confusing "ONNX file not found" error.
Probably fine in practice (Hub repos use lowercase), but model_id.lower().endswith(".onnx") would close the gap.
| # Hub-hosted ONNX (e.g. ``onnx-community/sam3-tracker-ONNX/onnx/...``) | ||
| # is downloaded once and treated as a local .onnx path thereafter. | ||
| from ..loader import is_hf_onnx_path, resolve_hf_onnx_path | ||
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role=path sub-model entries are not wired to the Hub resolver. The role=path branch above (around line 434) validates Path(path).exists() for each sub-model entry but does not call is_hf_onnx_path / resolve_hf_onnx_path. A Hub ref like image-encoder=onnx-community/sam3-tracker-ONNX/onnx/vision_encoder_int8.onnx would fail with "ONNX file not found".
Not blocking for current SAM 3 usage (single-model), but worth a TODO if multi-role eval on Hub-hosted models is planned.
Questions on validation and evaluationThe bug fixes are well-tested (synthetic ONNX models, mock-based CLI tests, regression assertions) — nice work on the silent-skip audit and the QOperator coverage. A few questions on the SAM 3 model validation side — would be great if you could share any additional results you have. What the PR verifies (solid foundation)
These are all great and necessary. A few additional data points would help reviewers feel confident about the end-to-end quality: Would love to see
Task inconsistency between catalog and testsSmall thing I noticed — the encoder's task differs between
The encoder only produces image embeddings, so SuggestionIf some of the above are blocked (NPU availability, no |
Adds SAM 3 support and introduces a generic Hub-hosted ONNX input form (
<org>/<repo>/<path>.onnx) that downloads pre-exported ONNX files from HuggingFace viahuggingface_hub. SAM 3 is the first consumer.The standard SAM 2-style export route is blocked:
optimum-onnxpinstransformers<4.58, butfacebook/sam3requirestransformers>=5. This PR uses the pre-exportedonnx-community/sam3-tracker-ONNXartifacts via the existing Scenario D pipeline.Changes
loader/onnx_hub.py)wmk config,wmk build,wmk inspect,wmk run,wmk serve,wmk perf,wmk evalis_quantized_onnxto detect QOperator format (ConvInteger,MatMulInteger,QLinear*) — was QDQ-onlyis_pre_quantizedbuild branch to truly skip the optimize stage (previously crashed on QOperator models)Tests
Limitations
ConvIntegerkernel inonnxruntime-windowsml); decoder runs on CPU + NPU.