refactor: harden mypy rules

[mdevolde]

refactor: harden mypy rules

Why the pull request was made

In the continuity of #181, harden mypy configuration to ensure proper typing errors detection.

Summary of changes

• Add new rules in mypy configuration.
• Patch new warnings triggered by new rules.
• uv.lock upgrade to ensure that the lock file is fully compatible with the previous PR chore: stop support py3.9, now support py3.10-3.15 #182.

Screenshots (if appropriate):

Not applicable.

How has this been tested?

Applied local tests.

Resources

https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config_file.html

Types of changes

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Documentation update (changes to documentation only)
• Refactor / code style update (non-breaking change that improves code structure or readability)
• Tests / CI improvement (adding or updating tests or CI configuration only)
• Other (please describe):

Checklist

• Followed the project's contributing guidelines.
• Updated any relevant tests.
• Updated any relevant documentation.
• Added comments to your code where necessary.
• Formatted your code, run the linters, checked types and tests.