Take enable-cache and python-version into account when setting up uv in CI

[thierry-martinez]

The setup-uv composite action ignored the enable-cache and python-version inputs. Cache was still enabled by default, which is the intended behaviour, but the system Python version was used instead of the one specified. As a result, type‑checking and coverage ran with Python 3.12 rather than the requested Python 3.14.

This commit fixes the setup-uv composite action so that it respects both the enable-cache and python-version inputs.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 88.91%. Comparing base (b2832a6) to head (90c7664).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master     #516   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   88.91%   88.91%           
=======================================
  Files          49       49           
  Lines        7111     7111           
=======================================
  Hits         6323     6323           
  Misses        788      788           

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[thierry-martinez]

• The use of Python 3.12 for type-checking was noticed during the review of Add backend argument to Circuit.simulate_statevector #512 (see comment Add backend argument to Circuit.simulate_statevector #512 (comment)).
• In the type-checking workflow, python-version was set to 3.13 (and was ignored) with an outdated comment about Need binary distribution on PyPI for Python 3.14 Qiskit/qiskit-aer#2378, which is now closed (see comment Code moved from Graphix thierry-martinez/graphix-pyzx#1 (comment)). The python-version field has been updated to 3.14.