refactor: use native Node glob APIs

.changeset/glob.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+"@opennextjs/cloudflare": patch
+---
+
+refactor: use native Node glob APIs
+
+Use Node.js native glob APIs for cache population and build-time patch discovery instead of the `glob` package. This keeps path handling based on explicit working directories and removes the direct `glob` dependency.
+
+Node.js `>=22.17.0 <23 || >=24.1.0` is now required because `fs.promises.glob` — used for cache population and patch discovery — was stabilized in those releases.

packages/cloudflare/package.json

@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@
 		"cloudflare": "^4.4.1",
 		"comment-json": "^4.5.1",
 		"enquirer": "^2.4.1",
-		"glob": "catalog:",
 		"ts-tqdm": "^0.8.6",
 		"yargs": "catalog:"
 	},
@@ -89,5 +88,8 @@
 	"peerDependencies": {
 		"next": ">=15.5.15 <16 || >=16.2.3",
 		"wrangler": "catalog:"
+	},
+	"engines": {
+		"node": ">=22.17.0 <23 || >=24.1.0"
 	}
 }

packages/cloudflare/src/cli/build/patches/ast/patch-vercel-og-library.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
-import { copyFileSync, existsSync, readFileSync, renameSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import { copyFileSync, existsSync, globSync, readFileSync, renameSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 
 import type { BuildOptions } from "@opennextjs/aws/build/helper.js";
 import { getPackagePath } from "@opennextjs/aws/build/helper.js";
 import { parseFile } from "@opennextjs/aws/build/patch/astCodePatcher.js";
-import { globSync } from "glob";
 
 import { patchVercelOgFallbackFont, patchVercelOgImport } from "./vercel-og.js";
 
@@ -24,11 +23,11 @@ export function patchVercelOgLibrary(buildOpts: BuildOptions): boolean {
 
 	let useOg = false;
 
-	for (const traceInfoPath of globSync(path.join(appBuildOutputPath, ".next/server/**/*.nft.json"), {
-		windowsPathsNoEscape: true,
-	})) {
+	for (const traceInfoPath of globSync(".next/server/**/*.nft.json", { cwd: appBuildOutputPath })) {
+		const fullTraceInfoPath = path.join(appBuildOutputPath, traceInfoPath);
+
 		// Look for the Node version of the traced @vercel/og files
-		const traceInfo: TraceInfo = JSON.parse(readFileSync(traceInfoPath, { encoding: "utf8" }));
+		const traceInfo: TraceInfo = JSON.parse(readFileSync(fullTraceInfoPath, { encoding: "utf8" }));
 		const tracedNodePath = traceInfo.files.find((p) => p.endsWith("@vercel/og/index.node.js"));
 		if (!tracedNodePath) continue;
 
@@ -42,15 +41,15 @@ export function patchVercelOgLibrary(buildOpts: BuildOptions): boolean {
 		// Ensure the edge version is available in the OpenNext node_modules.
 		if (!existsSync(outputEdgePath)) {
 			const tracedEdgePath = path.join(
-				path.dirname(traceInfoPath),
+				path.dirname(fullTraceInfoPath),
 				tracedNodePath.replace("index.node.js", "index.edge.js")
 			);
 
 			copyFileSync(tracedEdgePath, outputEdgePath);
 
 			// On Next 16.2 and above, we also need to copy the yoga.wasm file used by the library.
 			const tracedWasmPath = path.join(
-				path.dirname(traceInfoPath),
+				path.dirname(fullTraceInfoPath),
 				tracedNodePath.replace("index.node.js", "yoga.wasm")
 			);
 			if (existsSync(tracedWasmPath)) {
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ export function patchVercelOgLibrary(buildOpts: BuildOptions): boolean {
 		// Change node imports for the library to edge imports.
 		// This is only useful when turbopack is not used to bundle the function.
 		{
-			const routeFilePath = traceInfoPath.replace(appBuildOutputPath, packagePath).replace(".nft.json", "");
+			const routeFilePath = path.join(packagePath, traceInfoPath.replace(".nft.json", ""));
 
 			const ast = parseFile(routeFilePath);
 			const { edits } = patchVercelOgImport(ast);

packages/cloudflare/src/cli/build/patches/plugins/load-manifest.ts

@@ -5,15 +5,14 @@
  */
 
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
-import { readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { glob, readFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join, posix, relative, sep } from "node:path";
 
 import { Lang, parse, type SgNode } from "@ast-grep/napi";
 import { type BuildOptions, getPackagePath } from "@opennextjs/aws/build/helper.js";
 import { applyRule, patchCode, type RuleConfig } from "@opennextjs/aws/build/patch/astCodePatcher.js";
 import type { ContentUpdater, Plugin } from "@opennextjs/aws/plugins/content-updater.js";
 import { getCrossPlatformPathRegex } from "@opennextjs/aws/utils/regex.js";
-import { glob } from "glob";
 
 import { normalizePath } from "../../../utils/normalize-path.js";
 
@@ -39,21 +38,19 @@ async function getLoadManifestRule(buildOpts: BuildOptions) {
 	const baseDir = join(outputDir, "server-functions/default", getPackagePath(buildOpts));
 	const dotNextDir = join(baseDir, ".next");
 
-	const manifests = await glob(
-		join(dotNextDir, "**/{*-manifest,required-server-files,prefetch-hints}.json"),
-		{
-			windowsPathsNoEscape: true,
-		}
+	const manifests = await Array.fromAsync(
+		glob("**/{*-manifest,required-server-files,prefetch-hints}.json", { cwd: dotNextDir })
 	);
 
 	const returnManifests = (
 		await Promise.all(
-			manifests.map(
-				async (manifest) => `
-if ($PATH.endsWith("${normalizePath("/" + relative(dotNextDir, manifest))}")) {
-  return ${await readFile(manifest, "utf-8")};
-}`
-			)
+			manifests.map(async (manifestPath) => {
+				const fullManifestPath = join(dotNextDir, manifestPath);
+				return `
+if ($PATH.endsWith("${normalizePath("/" + manifestPath)}")) {
+  return ${await readFile(fullManifestPath, "utf-8")};
+}`;
+			})
 		)
 	).join("\n");
 
@@ -98,9 +95,7 @@ async function getEvalManifestRule(buildOpts: BuildOptions) {
 
 	const baseDir = join(outputDir, "server-functions/default", getPackagePath(buildOpts), ".next");
 	const appDir = join(baseDir, "server/app");
-	const manifestPaths = await glob(join(baseDir, "**/*_client-reference-manifest.js"), {
-		windowsPathsNoEscape: true,
-	});
+	const manifestPaths = await Array.fromAsync(glob("**/*_client-reference-manifest.js", { cwd: baseDir }));
 
 	// Map of factored large objects (variable name -> {...})
 	const factoredObjects = new Map<string, string>();
@@ -109,11 +104,13 @@ async function getEvalManifestRule(buildOpts: BuildOptions) {
 	// Shared map of short hash prefix -> full SHA1 hash, used for collision resolution.
 	const prefixMap = new Map<string, string>();
 
-	for (const path of manifestPaths) {
-		if (path.endsWith("page_client-reference-manifest.js")) {
+	for (const manifestPath of manifestPaths) {
+		const fullManifestPath = join(baseDir, manifestPath);
+
+		if (manifestPath.endsWith("page_client-reference-manifest.js")) {
 			// `page_client-reference-manifest.js` files could contain large repeated values.
 			// Factor out large values into separate variables to reduce the overall size of the generated code.
-			let manifest = await readFile(path, "utf-8");
+			let manifest = await readFile(fullManifestPath, "utf-8");
 			for (const key of [
 				"clientModules",
 				"ssrModuleMapping",
@@ -124,7 +121,7 @@ async function getEvalManifestRule(buildOpts: BuildOptions) {
 			]) {
 				manifest = factorManifestValue(manifest, key, factoredObjects, prefixMap);
 			}
-			factoredManifest.set(path, manifest);
+			factoredManifest.set(manifestPath, manifest);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -148,17 +145,21 @@ async function getEvalManifestRule(buildOpts: BuildOptions) {
 		// Sort by path length descending so longer (more specific) paths match first,
 		// preventing suffix collisions in the `.endsWith()` chain (see #1156).
 		.toSorted((a, b) => b.length - a.length)
-		.map((path) => {
+		.map((manifestPath) => {
+			const fullManifestPath = join(baseDir, manifestPath);
 			let manifest: string;
 
-			if (factoredManifest.has(path)) {
-				manifest = factoredManifest.get(path)!;
+			if (factoredManifest.has(manifestPath)) {
+				manifest = factoredManifest.get(manifestPath)!;
 			} else {
-				manifest = `require(${JSON.stringify(path)});`;
+				manifest = `require(${JSON.stringify(fullManifestPath)});`;
 			}
 
-			const endsWith = normalizePath(relative(baseDir, path));
-			const key = normalizePath("/" + relative(appDir, path)).replace("_client-reference-manifest.js", "");
+			const endsWith = normalizePath(manifestPath);
+			const key = normalizePath("/" + relative(appDir, fullManifestPath)).replace(
+				"_client-reference-manifest.js",
+				""
+			);
 			return `
 if ($PATH.endsWith("${endsWith}")) {
   ${manifest}

packages/cloudflare/src/cli/commands/populate-cache.spec.ts

@@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ describe("getCacheAssets", () => {
 
 	afterAll(() => mockFs.restore());
 
-	test("list cache assets", () => {
-		expect(getCacheAssets({ outputDir: "/base/path" } as BuildOptions)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+	test("list cache assets", async () => {
+		await expect(getCacheAssets({ outputDir: "/base/path" } as BuildOptions)).resolves.toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       [
         {
           "buildId": "buildID",
-          "fullPath": "/base/path/cache/buildID/path/to/2.cache",
+          "fullPath": "/base/path/cache/buildID/path/to/0.cache",
           "isFetch": false,
-          "key": "/path/to/2",
+          "key": "/path/to/0",
         },
         {
           "buildId": "buildID",
@@ -48,15 +48,15 @@ describe("getCacheAssets", () => {
         },
         {
           "buildId": "buildID",
-          "fullPath": "/base/path/cache/buildID/path/to/0.cache",
+          "fullPath": "/base/path/cache/buildID/path/to/2.cache",
           "isFetch": false,
-          "key": "/path/to/0",
+          "key": "/path/to/2",
         },
         {
           "buildId": "buildID",
-          "fullPath": "/base/path/cache/__fetch/buildID/2",
+          "fullPath": "/base/path/cache/__fetch/buildID/0",
           "isFetch": true,
-          "key": "/2",
+          "key": "/0",
         },
         {
           "buildId": "buildID",
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ describe("getCacheAssets", () => {
         },
         {
           "buildId": "buildID",
-          "fullPath": "/base/path/cache/__fetch/buildID/0",
+          "fullPath": "/base/path/cache/__fetch/buildID/2",
           "isFetch": true,
-          "key": "/0",
+          "key": "/2",
         },
       ]
     `);
@@ -144,7 +144,6 @@ describe("populateCache", () => {
 				const mockWorkerDispose = vi.fn();
 
 				setupMockFileSystem();
-				vi.useFakeTimers();
 				// @ts-expect-error - Mock unstable_startWorker to return a mock worker instance
 				vi.mocked(unstable_startWorker).mockResolvedValueOnce({
 					ready: Promise.resolve(),

packages/cloudflare/src/cli/commands/populate-cache.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import type {
 	OpenNextConfig,
 } from "@opennextjs/aws/types/open-next.js";
 import type { IncrementalCache, TagCache } from "@opennextjs/aws/types/overrides.js";
-import { globSync } from "glob";
 import { tqdm } from "ts-tqdm";
 import type { Unstable_Config as WranglerConfig } from "wrangler";
 import { unstable_startWorker } from "wrangler";
@@ -148,17 +147,16 @@ async function resolveCacheName(
 
 export type CacheAsset = { isFetch: boolean; fullPath: string; key: string; buildId: string };
 
-export function getCacheAssets(opts: BuildOptions): CacheAsset[] {
-	const allFiles = globSync(path.join(opts.outputDir, "cache/**/*"), {
-		withFileTypes: true,
-		windowsPathsNoEscape: true,
-	}).filter((f) => f.isFile());
-
+export async function getCacheAssets(opts: BuildOptions): Promise<CacheAsset[]> {
 	const baseCacheDir = path.join(opts.outputDir, "cache");
 	const assets: CacheAsset[] = [];
 
-	for (const file of allFiles) {
-		const fullPath = file.fullpath();
+	for await (const file of fsp.glob("**/*", { cwd: baseCacheDir, withFileTypes: true })) {
+		if (!file.isFile()) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		const fullPath = path.join(file.parentPath, file.name);
 		const relativePath = normalizePath(path.relative(baseCacheDir, fullPath));
 
 		if (relativePath.startsWith("__fetch")) {
@@ -253,7 +251,7 @@ async function populateR2IncrementalCache(
 			? binding.preview_bucket_name
 			: binding.bucket_name;
 	const prefix = envVars[R2_CACHE_PREFIX_ENV_NAME];
-	const assets = getCacheAssets(buildOpts);
+	const assets = await getCacheAssets(buildOpts);
 
 	if (assets.length === 0) {
 		logger.info("No cache assets to populate");
@@ -495,7 +493,7 @@ async function populateKVIncrementalCache(
 	}
 
 	const prefix = envVars[KV_CACHE_PREFIX_ENV_NAME];
-	const assets = getCacheAssets(buildOpts);
+	const assets = await getCacheAssets(buildOpts);
 
 	if (assets.length === 0) {
 		logger.info("No cache assets to populate");