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---
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layout: "lesson"
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lang: "en"
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title: "More on: Structuring longer documents"
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description: "This lesson shows how to make an index, and how to use the imakeidx package to automate the process."
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toc-anchor-text: "More on: Structuring longer documents"
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lang: "zh"
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title: "更多内容:结构化长文档"
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description: "本课提供了更多关于如何创建目录、使用PDF书签以及在文档中包含其他文件的信息。"
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toc-anchor-text: "更多内容:结构化长文档"
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---
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## Making an index
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## 创建索引
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Depending on the type of document you are writing, you might want to include
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an index. This is a bit like making a bibliography, as it uses auxiliary files.
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Luckily, this is all automated by the `imakeidx` package. We need three
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instructions to LaTeX:
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基于您所创建的文档长度,您可能需要创建索引。这类似于制作参考文献,因为它使用辅助文件。幸运的是,这都可以通过`imakeidx`包自动完成。我们需要以下三条指令来指导LaTeX:
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- `\makeindex`指令,用于启用索引的创建
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- `\index`指令,用于标记索引条目
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- `\printindex`指令,用于打印索引
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- The `\makeindex` command, which enables creation of an index
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- The `\index` command, which marks up index entries
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- The `\printindex` command, which prints the index
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```latex
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\documentclass{article}
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\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
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% !TEX program=xelatex
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% 临时patch,否则使用中文标点,TexLive.net会编译错误
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\ExplSyntaxOn
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\clist_map_inline:nn { fp, int, dim, skip, muskip }
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{
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\cs_generate_variant:cn { #1_set:Nn } { NV }
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\cs_generate_variant:cn { #1_gset:Nn } { NV }
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}
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\ExplSyntaxOff
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\documentclass[UTF8]{ctexart}
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\usepackage{xeCJK}
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\usepackage{imakeidx}
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\makeindex
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\begin{document}
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Some text about Foo\index{foo}.
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More text\index{baz!bar}.
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Even more text\index{alpha@$\alpha$}.
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More text about a different part of baz\index{baz!wibble}.
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一些文字标记索引foo\index{foo}.
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另一些文字标记索引baz\index{baz!bar}.
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更多文字标记索引alpha\index{alpha@$\alpha$}.
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标记索引baz的另一部分的其他文字\index{baz!wibble}.
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\clearpage
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Some text about Foo\index{foo} again, on a different page.
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Even more text\index{beta@$\beta$}.
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Even more text\index{gamma@$\gamma$}.
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另一页的文字标记索引foo\index{foo}
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标记索引beta的其他文字\index{beta@$\beta$}.
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标记索引gamma的其他文字\index{gamma@$\gamma$}.
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\printindex
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\end{document}
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```
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We've shown two features of indexing here: subdivision using `!`, and printing
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something different from the 'sort text' of an index entry using `@`. There
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is a lot of customisation possible with an index; try out the example and see
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how it works.
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我们在这里展示了索引的两个特性:使用`!`进行分类细分,以及使用`@`打印与索引条目的"排序文本"不同的内容。索引有很多可以自定义的地方;试试这个示例,看看它是如何工作的。

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