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Inter-Rater Agreement Analysis

This report summarizes the consistency between raters using metrics robust to unbalanced datasets.

Why was Cohen's Kappa removed?

Cohen's Kappa is unreliable for these benchmarks due to the Kappa Paradox. Because our data is heavily skewed towards one category (Passing/0), Kappa penalizes agreement on that majority class, leading to near-zero scores even when raters agree on 95%+ of items. Gwet's AC1 and PABAK provide a more accurate measure of reliability for this data.

Benchmark Raters Tasks % Agree Gwet's AC1 PABAK Consensus Agreement (AC1)
SciCode 10 29 0.9686 0.9666 0.9372 0.9286
ScienceAgentBench 10 24 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
CORE 10 11 0.9818 0.9801 0.9636 0.9900
ColBench 51 1000 0.7255 0.5595 0.4511 0.9600

Metric Interpretations

  • % Agree: The raw percentage of identical verdicts.
  • Gwet's AC1: The primary reliability metric. It adjusts for chance while remaining stable even if one category is very rare (like our Faults).
  • PABAK: Prevalence-Adjusted Bias-Adjusted Kappa. A normalized version of Kappa that assumes a neutral distribution to eliminate bias.
  • Consensus Agreement (AC1): Consistency between individual raters and their specific benchmark consensus.