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Commands Used

This document contains Git, Windows, networking, PowerShell, and Active Directory commands used throughout the Active Directory Home Lab.

Git Commands

Check Repository Status

git status

Displays modified files, untracked files, staged files, and current branch status.

Stage All Changes

git add .

Adds all new and modified files to the staging area.

Create a Commit

git commit -m "Commit message"

Creates a snapshot of the staged changes.

Push Changes to GitHub

git push origin main

Uploads local commits to GitHub.

Pull Changes from GitHub

git pull origin main

Downloads and merges changes from GitHub into the local repository.

View Commit History

git log --oneline

Displays a concise list of previous commits.

Check Remote Repository

git remote -v

Shows the GitHub repository associated with the local project.

Clone Repository

git clone https://github.com/Amaggs99/Active-Directory-Lab.git

Downloads a copy of the repository from GitHub.

Git Bash Commands

Create a New File

touch filename.md

Example:

touch README.md
touch Documentation/Project-Summary.md

Create a New Directory

mkdir FolderName

Example:

mkdir Documentation
mkdir Screenshots

List Directory Contents

ls

Displays files and folders in the current directory.

Rename or Move a File

mv oldname newname

Example:

mv Commands-Used.md.txt Commands-Used.md

Change Directory

cd directory-name

Example:

cd Documentation
cd ..
cd Screenshots

Display Current Directory

pwd

Displays the full path of the current working directory.

Windows Networking Commands

Display IP Configuration

ipconfig /all

Displays detailed network adapter information.

Flush DNS Cache

ipconfig /flushdns

Clears the DNS resolver cache.

Test Connectivity

ping 192.168.66.10

Tests communication with the Domain Controller.

Test Domain DNS Resolution

nslookup adlab.local

Verifies DNS resolution for the Active Directory domain.

View Routing Table

route print

Displays the local routing table.

Active Directory PowerShell Commands

Import Active Directory Module

Import-Module ActiveDirectory

Loads the Active Directory PowerShell module.

View Domain Information

Get-ADDomain

Displays Active Directory domain information.

View Forest Information

Get-ADForest

Displays Active Directory forest information.

Create an Organizational Unit

New-ADOrganizationalUnit -Name "Users" -Path "OU=Company,DC=adlab,DC=local"

Creates a new Organizational Unit.

Create a Security Group

New-ADGroup -Name "IT_Admins" -GroupScope Global -GroupCategory Security -Path "OU=Groups,OU=Company,DC=adlab,DC=local"

Creates a new Active Directory security group.

Create a User

New-ADUser -Name "John Smith" -SamAccountName jsmith -AccountPassword (ConvertTo-SecureString "Password123!" -AsPlainText -Force) -Enabled $true

Creates and enables a new Active Directory user.

Add User to Group

Add-ADGroupMember -Identity "IT_Admins" -Members jsmith

Adds a user to an Active Directory group.

Verify Users

Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase "OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=adlab,DC=local" | Select Name,SamAccountName,Enabled

Displays users created inside the lab Users OU.

Verify Groups

Get-ADGroup -Filter * -SearchBase "OU=Groups,OU=Company,DC=adlab,DC=local" | Select Name

Displays groups created inside the lab Groups OU.

Domain Controller Validation Commands

Run Domain Controller Diagnostics

dcdiag /v

Runs detailed diagnostic tests against the Domain Controller.

Run DNS-Specific Diagnostic Test

dcdiag /test:DNS

Checks DNS health for the Domain Controller.

Check Important AD Services

Get-Service NTDS,DNS,Netlogon,KDC

Verifies that core Active Directory services are running.

Check VMware Tools Service

Get-Service VMTools

Checks whether VMware Tools is installed and running.

Client Domain Join Commands

Rename Windows Client

Rename-Computer -NewName "CLIENT01" -Restart

Renames the Windows client and restarts the machine.

Join Client to Domain

Add-Computer -DomainName adlab.local -Credential adlab\Administrator -Restart

Joins the Windows client to the Active Directory domain.

Verify Logged-In User

whoami

Shows the currently logged-in user.

Example:

adlab\administrator

Verify Computer Name

hostname

Displays the local computer name.

Windows Administration Consoles

Active Directory Users and Computers

dsa.msc

Opens Active Directory Users and Computers.

Group Policy Management

gpmc.msc

Opens Group Policy Management Console.

DNS Manager

dnsmgmt.msc

Opens DNS Manager.

Server Manager

servermanager

Opens Server Manager.

System Properties

sysdm.cpl

Opens System Properties.

Network Connections

ncpa.cpl

Opens Network Connections.

Firewall Commands

Disable Windows Firewall Temporarily

Set-NetFirewallProfile -Profile Domain,Public,Private -Enabled False

Used temporarily during troubleshooting to test connectivity.

Enable Windows Firewall

Set-NetFirewallProfile -Profile Domain,Public,Private -Enabled True

Re-enables Windows Firewall.

Enable File and Printer Sharing Ping Rules

Enable-NetFirewallRule -DisplayGroup "File and Printer Sharing"

Allows ICMP/ping responses through Windows Firewall.

VMware Tasks

Take Snapshot

VM → Snapshot → Take Snapshot

Creates a restore point of the lab environment.

Restore Snapshot

VM → Snapshot → Snapshot Manager

Restores the VM to a previous lab state.

Install VMware Tools

VM → Install VMware Tools

Mounts VMware Tools inside the guest operating system.

Open Virtual Network Editor

Edit → Virtual Network Editor

Used to verify VMnet1 Host-Only and VMnet8 NAT configuration.

Lab Notes

These commands were used throughout the Active Directory Home Lab to deploy, troubleshoot, and administer the environment. They serve as a quick reference for future projects, documentation, and interview preparation.