diff --git a/lib/internal/streams/duplexify.js b/lib/internal/streams/duplexify.js
index 0c6701fa271110..45fc5ae660ef25 100644
--- a/lib/internal/streams/duplexify.js
+++ b/lib/internal/streams/duplexify.js
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ module.exports = function duplexify(body, name) {
     const then = value?.then;
     if (typeof then === 'function') {
       let d;
+      let finalized = false;
 
       const promise = FunctionPrototypeCall(
         then,
@@ -111,6 +112,12 @@ module.exports = function duplexify(body, name) {
           if (val != null) {
             throw new ERR_INVALID_RETURN_VALUE('nully', 'body', val);
           }
+          // The async function returned without (fully) consuming the input.
+          // Destroy the duplex so that pipeline propagates destruction
+          // upstream. See https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/55077.
+          if (!finalized) {
+            destroyer(d);
+          }
         },
         (err) => {
           destroyer(d, err);
@@ -123,6 +130,7 @@ module.exports = function duplexify(body, name) {
         readable: false,
         write,
         final(cb) {
+          finalized = true;
           final(async () => {
             try {
               await promise;
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-stream-duplex-from.js b/test/parallel/test-stream-duplex-from.js
index e12599fed17c14..b353d089a0c712 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-stream-duplex-from.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-stream-duplex-from.js
@@ -418,3 +418,48 @@ function makeATestWritableStream(writeFunc) {
   }));
   r.destroy(expectedErr);
 }
+
+// Regression tests for https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/55077
+// When `Duplex.from(asyncFn)` is used and the async function returns
+// without (fully) consuming its async-iterable parameter, the upstream
+// readable should still be destroyed by the pipeline so resources are
+// released.
+{
+  const r = Readable.from(['foo', 'bar', 'baz']);
+  pipeline(
+    r,
+    Duplex.from(async function(asyncGenerator) {
+      asyncGenerator.return();
+    }),
+    common.mustCall(() => {
+      assert.strictEqual(r.destroyed, true);
+    }),
+  );
+}
+
+{
+  const r = Readable.from(['foo', 'bar', 'baz']);
+  pipeline(
+    r,
+    Duplex.from(async function(asyncGenerator) {
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-vars
+      for await (const _ of asyncGenerator) { break; }
+    }),
+    common.mustCall(() => {
+      assert.strictEqual(r.destroyed, true);
+    }),
+  );
+}
+
+{
+  const r = Readable.from(['foo', 'bar', 'baz']);
+  pipeline(
+    r,
+    Duplex.from(async function(asyncGenerator) {
+      // Resolve immediately without touching the generator at all.
+    }),
+    common.mustCall(() => {
+      assert.strictEqual(r.destroyed, true);
+    }),
+  );
+}