Add support for configuring npm version in Node devcontainers #2936

Job	Run time
detect-changes	3s
test-scenarios (node)	20m 24s
test (node, debian:11)	37s
test (node, debian:12)	42s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:debian)	44s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble)	39s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:ubuntu)	43s
test (node, ubuntu:jammy)	46s
test (node, ubuntu:focal)	48s
	25m 26s

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