Add support for configuring npm version in Node devcontainers #2920

Job	Run time
detect-changes	3s
test-scenarios (node)	23m 28s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:ubuntu)	50s
test (node, debian:12)	47s
test (node, debian:11)	50s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble)	49s
test (node, ubuntu:focal)	59s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:debian)	47s
test (node, ubuntu:jammy)	54s
	29m 27s

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