Add support for configuring npm version in Node devcontainers #2911

Job	Run time
detect-changes	3s
test-scenarios (node)	22m 20s
test (node, debian:11)	1m 18s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:debian)	46s
test (node, ubuntu:jammy)	1m 22s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:ubuntu)	47s
test (node, debian:12)	1m 22s
test (node, ubuntu:focal)	1m 23s
test (node, mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble)	51s
	30m 12s

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