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Update metadata dates for SQL Server 2025 data virtualization modules and remove obsolete image
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/1-introduction.yml

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metadata:
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title: Introduction
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description: "Learn about data virtualization in SQL Server 2025."
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ms.date: 07/24/2025
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ms.date: 03/20/2026
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author: HugoMSFT
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ms.topic: unit

learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/2-polybase.yml

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metadata:
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title: Introduction to PolyBase
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description: "Learn about PolyBase and the evolution of PolyBase from SQL Server 2016 to SQL Server 2025."
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ms.date: 07/24/2025
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ms.date: 03/20/2026
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author: HugoMSFT
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/3-polybase-credentials-data-sources.yml

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title: PolyBase credentials and data sources
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description: "This unit goes over PolyBase objects, supported data sources, and PolyBase operations."
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ms.date: 03/20/2026
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/4-exercise-query-parquet-file.yml

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title: Exercise - Use PolyBase to query a Parquet file
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description: "Complete this exercise to learn how to use PolyBase to query an external data source Parquet file and manipulate the data."
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author: HugoMSFT
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/5-exercise-connect-azure-sql-database-use-polybase.yml

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title: Exercise - Create an external table from a database in Azure SQL Database
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description: "An exercise using data virtualization to connect to Azure SQL Database."
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ms.date: 07/24/2025
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author: HugoMSFT
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/6-create-external-table-as-select.yml

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title: CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE AS SELECT (CETAS)
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description: "Learn about the use cases for CETAS, its structure, and how to enable it in SQL Server 2025."
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author: HugoMSFT
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/7-exercise-create-external-table-as-select.yml

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title: Exercise - CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE AS SELECT
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description: "An exercise on using CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE AS SELECT (CETAS)."
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/8-summary.yml

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title: Summary
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description: "Summary of what was learned in this data virtualization and PolyBase module."
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/includes/2-polybase.md

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You can also use S3-compatible object storage for backup and restore scenarios by using the BACKUP TO URL command. For more information, see [SQL Server backup and restore with S3-compatible object storage](/sql/relational-databases/backup-restore/sql-server-backup-and-restore-with-s3-compatible-object-storage).
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Amazon Web Services (AWS) established the S3 standard framework, and major storage providers like Cloudian, Dell, MinIO, and PureStorage now offer S3-compatible object storage solutions. If a solution offers compatibility with S3 REST APIs, it's compatible with SQL Server 2025.
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For more information about object storage benefits, installation, and testing, see the following storage partner documentation. For more object storage providers, see [Providers of S3-compatible object storage](/sql/relational-databases/backup-restore/sql-server-backup-and-restore-with-s3-compatible-object-storage#providers-of-s3-compatible-object-storage).
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- [Cloudian](https://cloudian.com/sql) HyperStore
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- [Dell](https://www.dell.com/support/product-details/product/isilon-onefs) Isildon OneFS
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- [Dell](https://github.com/EMCECS/ECS-CommunityEdition) ECS Community Edition
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- [Hitachi](https://www.hitachivantara.com/en-us/pdf/architecture-guide/hitachi-solution-for-databases-microsoft-sql-server-datacenter-using-ha820-g2-server-hitachi-vsp-one-block.pdf) Hitachi Content Platform (HCP)
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- [MinIO](https://min.io/solutions/sqlserver) Multi-Cloud Object Storage
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- [Pure Storage](https://www.purestorage.com/products/unstructured-data-storage/flashblade-s.html) Pure FlashBlade.
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The S3 standard framework is widely adopted, and many major storage providers now offer S3-compatible object storage solutions. If a solution offers compatibility with S3 REST APIs, it's compatible with SQL Server 2025. For a list of supported object storage providers, see [Providers of S3-compatible object storage](/sql/relational-databases/backup-restore/sql-server-backup-and-restore-with-s3-compatible-object-storage#providers-of-s3-compatible-object-storage).
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Some object storage partners offer the ability to run their solution as software capable of virtualizing your current storage. You can install and try these solutions on your own machine or virtual machine (VM).
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learn-pr/sqlserver/sql-server-2022-data-virtualization/includes/6-create-external-table-as-select.md

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## CETAS T-SQL structure
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To better understand CETAS, you can break down the overall T-SQL syntax. CETAS T-SQL structure follows a bottom-up logic approach. It's easier to start at the end of the statement, and then work your way to the top of the T-SQL statement.
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To better understand CETAS, you can break down the overall T-SQL syntax into three parts:
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:::image type="content" source="../media/create-external-table-as-select-t-sql-structure.png" alt-text="Image of the T-SQL structure of CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE as SELECT statement." border="false":::
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1. **`CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE` clause** — This is the first part of the statement, where you declare the external table name and specify the destination location, file name, and file format using the `WITH` clause (which includes `LOCATION`, `DATA_SOURCE`, and `FILE_FORMAT` options).
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1. **Optional reject parameters** — Between the `WITH` clause and the `AS` keyword, you can include optional parameters to filter or reject data that you don't want to export.
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1. **`SELECT` statement** — The final part of the statement is a standard `SELECT` query that defines what data to export. This query determines the column definitions, data types, and the source of the exported data.
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- The bottom of the CETAS structure contains a SELECT statement you use to define what data to export.
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- In the middle, there are optional parameters you can use to reject data that you don't want to export.
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- At the top of the CETAS statement, after declaring CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE, you add information about the destination location, filename, and file format.
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This structure allows CETAS to be combined with any SELECT statement to query data outside SQL Server, within SQL Server, or from any other supported database. SQL Server 2025 automatically creates the file name and splits the results in multiple files for optimization. For example, a table exported as a Parquet can generate several files, depending on the exported data size. The select statement defines the external table column definition and type.
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The CETAS syntax follows a logical flow: first you define *where* and *how* to export, then you define *what* to export. This structure allows CETAS to be combined with any `SELECT` statement to query data outside SQL Server, within SQL Server, or from any other supported database. SQL Server 2025 automatically creates the file name and splits the results in multiple files for optimization. For example, a table exported as a Parquet can generate several files, depending on the exported data size.
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### Export a table from SQL Server as Parquet
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