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articles/storage/files/storage-files-planning.md

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# Plan to deploy Azure Files
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You can deploy [Azure Files](storage-files-introduction.md) in two main ways: by directly mounting the serverless Azure file shares or by caching file shares on-premises using Azure File Sync. Deployment considerations differ based on which option you choose.
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You can deploy [Azure Files](storage-files-introduction.md) in two ways: by directly mounting the serverless Azure file shares or by caching file shares on-premises using Azure File Sync. Deployment considerations differ based on which option you choose.
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- **Direct mount of an Azure file share**: Because Azure Files provides either Server Message Block (SMB) or Network File System (NFS) access, you can mount Azure file shares on-premises or in the cloud using the standard SMB or NFS clients available in your OS. Because Azure file shares are serverless, deploying for production scenarios doesn't require managing a file server or NAS device. This means you don't have to apply software patches or swap out physical disks. You can either choose to use Azure classic file shares or Microsoft.FileShares (preview) as your management model.
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- **Cache Azure file shares on-premises with Azure File Sync** (SMB only): [Azure File Sync](../file-sync/file-sync-introduction.md) enables you to centralize your organization's file shares in Azure Files, while keeping the flexibility, performance, and compatibility of an on-premises file server. Azure File Sync transforms an on-premises (or cloud) Windows Server into a quick cache of your SMB Azure file share.
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This article primarily addresses deployment considerations for deploying an Azure file share to be directly mounted by an on-premises or cloud client. To plan for an Azure File Sync deployment, see [Planning for an Azure File Sync deployment](../file-sync/file-sync-planning.md).
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This article primarily addresses deployment considerations for deploying an Azure file share to be directly mounted by an on-premises or cloud client. If you plan to use Azure File Sync, see [Planning for an Azure File Sync deployment](../file-sync/file-sync-planning.md).
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## Management concepts
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| Feature | Classic file shares ![fileshareclassicicon1](./media/storage-files-planning/icon-service-file-share.svg) | File shares (Microsoft.FileShares) ![mfsicon](./media/storage-files-planning/icon-service-Managed-File-Shares.svg) |
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|-|-|-|
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| Support guarantee | General available | Public preview |
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| Top level resource for the service | Storage account ![fileshareclassicicon2](./media/storage-files-planning/icon-service-Storage-Accounts.svg) | File Shares ![mfsicon](./media/storage-files-planning/icon-service-Managed-File-Shares.svg) |
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| Support guarantee | Generally available | Public preview |
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| Top level resource for the service | Storage account ![fileshareclassicicon2](./media/storage-files-planning/icon-service-Storage-Accounts.svg) | File shares ![mfsicon](./media/storage-files-planning/icon-service-Managed-File-Shares.svg) |
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| SMB protocol | ![Yes](../media/icons/yes-icon.png) | ![No](../media/icons/no-icon.png) |
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| NFS protocol | ![Yes](../media/icons/yes-icon.png) | ![Yes](../media/icons/yes-icon.png) |
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| File Sync support | ![Yes](../media/icons/yes-icon.png) | ![No](../media/icons/no-icon.png) |
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Azure Files supports the following methods of authentication for SMB shares:
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- **On-premises Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS, or on-premises AD DS)**: Azure storage accounts can be domain joined to a customer-owned Active Directory Domain Services, just like a Windows Server file server or NAS device. You can deploy a domain controller on-premises, in an Azure VM, or even as a VM in another cloud provider; Azure Files is agnostic to where your domain controller is hosted. Once a storage account is domain-joined, the end user can mount a file share with the user account they signed into their PC with. AD-based authentication uses the Kerberos authentication protocol.
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- **On-premises Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)**: Azure storage accounts can be domain joined to a customer-owned Active Directory Domain Services, just like a Windows Server file server or NAS device. You can deploy a domain controller on-premises, in an Azure VM, or even as a VM in another cloud provider; Azure Files is agnostic to where your domain controller is hosted. Once a storage account is domain-joined, the end user can mount a file share with the user account they signed into their PC with. AD-based authentication uses the Kerberos authentication protocol.
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- **Microsoft Entra Domain Services**: Microsoft Entra Domain Services provides a Microsoft-managed domain controller that can be used for Azure resources. Domain joining your storage account to Microsoft Entra Domain Services provides similar benefits to domain joining it to a customer-owned AD DS. This deployment option is most useful for application lift-and-shift scenarios that require AD-based permissions. Because Microsoft Entra Domain Services provides AD-based authentication, this option also uses the Kerberos authentication protocol.
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- **Microsoft Entra Kerberos**: Microsoft Entra Kerberos allows you to use Microsoft Entra ID to authenticate [hybrid](../../active-directory/hybrid/whatis-hybrid-identity.md) or cloud-only identities (preview). This configuration uses Microsoft Entra ID to issue Kerberos tickets to access the file share with the SMB protocol. This means your end users can access Azure file shares over the internet from Microsoft Entra hybrid joined and Microsoft Entra joined VMs.
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- **Active Directory authentication over SMB for Linux clients**: Azure Files supports identity-based authentication over SMB for Linux clients using the Kerberos authentication protocol through either AD DS or Microsoft Entra Domain Services.
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- If the required protocol is SMB and the access is from clients on-premises, then a VPN or ExpressRoute connection from on-premises to your Azure network is required, with Azure Files exposed on your internal network using private endpoints.
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- If the required protocol is NFS, you can use either service endpoints or private endpoints to restrict the network to specified virtual networks. If you need a static IP address and/or your workload requires high availability, use a private endpoint. With service endpoints, a rare event such as a zone outage could cause the underlying IP address of the storage account to change. While the data is still available on the file share, the client would require a remount of the share.
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To learn more about how to configure networking for Azure Files, see [Azure Files networking considerations](storage-files-networking-overview.md).
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For more information, see [Azure Files networking considerations](storage-files-networking-overview.md).
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In addition to directly connecting to the file share using the public endpoint or using a VPN/ExpressRoute connection with a private endpoint, SMB provides an additional client access strategy: SMB over QUIC. SMB over QUIC offers zero-config "SMB VPN" for SMB access over the QUIC transport protocol. Although Azure Files does not directly support SMB over QUIC, you can create a lightweight cache of your Azure file shares on a Windows Server 2022 Azure Edition VM using Azure File Sync. To learn more about this option, see [SMB over QUIC with Azure File Sync](storage-files-networking-overview.md#smb-over-quic).
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You can back up your Azure file share via [share snapshots](./storage-snapshots-files.md), which are read-only, point-in-time copies of your share. Snapshots are incremental, meaning they only contain as much data as has changed since the previous snapshot. You can have up to 200 snapshots per file share and retain them for up to 10 years. You can either manually take snapshots in the Azure portal, via PowerShell, or command-line interface (CLI), or you can use [Azure Backup](../../backup/azure-file-share-backup-overview.md?toc=/azure/storage/files/toc.json).
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[Azure Backup for Azure file shares](../../backup/azure-file-share-backup-overview.md?toc=/azure/storage/files/toc.json) handles the scheduling and retention of snapshots. Its grandfather-father-son (GFS) capabilities mean that you can take daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly snapshots, each with their own distinct retention period. Azure Backup also orchestrates the enablement of soft delete and takes a delete lock on a storage account as soon as any file share within it is configured for backup. Lastly, Azure Backup provides certain key monitoring and alerting capabilities that allow customers to have a consolidated view of their backup estate.
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[Azure Backup for SMB Azure file shares](../../backup/azure-file-share-backup-overview.md?toc=/azure/storage/files/toc.json) handles the scheduling and retention of snapshots. Its grandfather-father-son (GFS) capabilities mean that you can take daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly snapshots, each with their own distinct retention period. Azure Backup also orchestrates the enablement of soft delete and takes a delete lock on a storage account as soon as any file share within it is configured for backup. Azure Backup provides certain key monitoring and alerting capabilities that allow customers to have a consolidated view of their backup estate.
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You can perform both item-level and share-level restores in the Azure portal using Azure Backup. All you need to do is choose the restore point (a particular snapshot), the particular file or directory if relevant, and then the location (original or alternate) you wish you restore to. The backup service handles copying the snapshot data over and shows your restore progress in the portal.
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You can perform both item-level and share-level restores in the Azure portal using Azure Backup. Choose the restore point (a particular snapshot), the particular file or directory if relevant, and then the location (original or alternate) you wish you restore to. The backup service handles copying the snapshot data over and shows your restore progress in the portal.
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### Protect Azure Files with Microsoft Defender for Storage
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## Next steps
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- [Planning for an Azure File Sync Deployment](../file-sync/file-sync-planning.md)
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- [Deploying Azure Files](./storage-how-to-create-file-share.md)
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- [Deploying Azure File Sync](../file-sync/file-sync-deployment-guide.md)
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- [Plan for an Azure File Sync Deployment](../file-sync/file-sync-planning.md)
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- [Deploy Azure Files](./storage-how-to-create-file-share.md)
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- [Deploy Azure File Sync](../file-sync/file-sync-deployment-guide.md)
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