Add cause section and adjust applies to

Author: haywoodsloan

…lation/install-failure-2017-2019-2022.md …n/install-failure-2017-later-versions.mdsupport/developer/visualstudio/installation/install-failure-2017-2019-2022.md renamed to support/developer/visualstudio/installation/install-failure-2017-later-versions.md support/developer/visualstudio/installation/install-failure-2017-2019-2022.md renamed to support/developer/visualstudio/installation/install-failure-2017-later-versions.md

@@ -1,42 +1,42 @@
 ---
-title: Troubleshoot Visual Studio 2017, 2019, and 2020 Installation Failures
+title: Troubleshoot Visual Studio 2017 or Later Install Errors
 description: Learn how to troubleshoot and resolve Visual Studio installation failures, including online and offline setup issues, with clear, actionable steps.
 ms.date: 12/30/2025
 ms.reviewer: khgupta, v-shaywood
 ms.custom: sap:Installation\Setup, maintenance, or uninstall
 ---
 
-# Unable to install Visual Studio 2017, 2019, or 2022
+# Unable to install Visual Studio 2017 or later versions
 
-_Applies to:_ Visual Studio 2017, 2019, and 2022  
+_Applies to:_ Visual Studio 2017 and later versions  
 
-When you try to install Visual Studio 2017, 2019, or 2022, you might encounter a problem where the installation wizard unexpectedly closes or returns an error message that indicates it couldn't download some installation files. This article provides a solution that resolves these installation problems and enables you to successfully install Visual Studio.
+When you try to install Visual Studio 2017 or a later version, you might encounter a problem where the installation wizard unexpectedly closes or returns an error message that indicates it couldn't download some installation files. This article provides a solution that resolves these installation problems and enables you to successfully install Visual Studio.
 
 ## Symptoms
 
 The symptoms of this problem depend on whether you're attempting an [online install](/visualstudio/install/install-visual-studio) or an [offline install](/visualstudio/install/create-an-offline-installation-of-visual-studio).
 
 ### Online install
 
-When you attempt an _online install_ of Visual Studio 2017, 2019, or 2022, the installation wizard shows the following message dialog:
+When you attempt an _online install_ of Visual Studio 2017 or a later version, the installation wizard shows the following message dialog:
 
 > Before you get started, we need to set up a few things so that you can configure your installation.
 
-:::image type="content" source="./media/install-failure-2017-2019-2022/install-wizard-set-up-things.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the Visual Studio installation wizard with a message that the installer needs to set up a few things so that you can configure your installation":::
+:::image type="content" source="./media/install-failure-2017-later-versions/install-wizard-set-up-things.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the Visual Studio installation wizard with a message that the installer needs to set up a few things so that you can configure your installation":::
 
 After you select **Continue** in the message dialog, the installation wizard closes and the install stops.
 
 ### Offline install
 
-When you attempt an _offline install_ of Visual Studio 2017, 2019, or 2022 on a device with no or limited internet access, the installation wizard shows the following error dialog:
+When you attempt an _offline install_ of Visual Studio 2017 or a later version on a device with no or limited internet access, the installation wizard shows the following error dialog:
 
 > Unable to download installation files. Check your internet connection and try again.
 
-:::image type="content" source="./media/install-failure-2017-2019-2022/install-wizard-download-error.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the Visual Studio installation wizard with an error message that the installer was unable to download installation files":::
+:::image type="content" source="./media/install-failure-2017-later-versions/install-wizard-download-error.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the Visual Studio installation wizard with an error message that the installer was unable to download installation files":::
 
 If your device has event logging enabled for the [CryptoAPI (CAPI2)](/windows/win32/seccrypto/cryptography--cryptoapi--and-capicom), you also see the following error in the CAPI2 [Event Viewer](/host-integration-server/core/windows-event-viewer1) logs (Event ID 30):
 
-:::image type="content" source="./media/install-failure-2017-2019-2022/event-viewer-capi2-errors.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the Event Viewer showing multiple CAPI2 errors with Event ID 30":::
+:::image type="content" source="./media/install-failure-2017-later-versions/event-viewer-capi2-errors.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the Event Viewer showing multiple CAPI2 errors with Event ID 30":::
 
 ```xml
 <Event>
@@ -68,12 +68,19 @@ Use the following steps to enable CAPI2 event logging:
 1. Right-click **Operational** and select **Clear Log** to delete any previous logs.
 1. Right-click **Operational** and select **Enable Log** to start logging.
 
-   :::image type="content" source="./media/install-failure-2017-2019-2022/event-viewer-enable-capi2-logs.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the Event Viewer with the right-click menu to clear or enable logs for CAPI2":::
+   :::image type="content" source="./media/install-failure-2017-later-versions/event-viewer-enable-capi2-logs.png" alt-text="Screenshot of the Event Viewer with the right-click menu to clear or enable logs for CAPI2":::
 
 1. Try installing Visual Studio again by using the offline installer.
 1. After reproducing the issue, the CAPI2 event logs should contain details about the install failure.
 1. To stop logging, right-click **Operation** and select **Disable Log**.
 
+## Cause
+
+This problem can occur for one of the following reasons, depending on the type of installation:
+
+- _Offline install_: The device doesn't have the latest [Microsoft Windows Code Signing PCA 2024](https://www.microsoft.com/pkiops/certs/Microsoft%20Windows%20Code%20Signing%20PCA%202024.crt) certificate that Visual Studio uses.
+- _Online install_: The device's internet access is restricted and the user doesn't have permission to download the [Microsoft Windows Code Signing PCA 2024](https://www.microsoft.com/pkiops/certs/Microsoft%20Windows%20Code%20Signing%20PCA%202024.crt) certificate.
+
 ## Solution
 
 Use the following steps to resolve this problem: