alerts.zh-cn.md

title	JavaScript 警告框,提示框和确认框
linkTitle	警告框
weight	2
aliases	/documentation/zh-cn/webdriver/js_alerts_prompts_and_confirmations/ /zh-cn/documentation/webdriver/js_alerts_prompts_and_confirmations/ /zh-cn/documentation/webdriver/browser/alerts/

WebDriver提供了一个API, 用于处理JavaScript提供的三种类型的原生弹窗消息. 这些弹窗由浏览器提供限定的样式.

Alerts 警告框

其中最基本的称为警告框, 它显示一条自定义消息, 以及一个用于关闭该警告的按钮, 在大多数浏览器中标记为"确定"(OK). 在大多数浏览器中, 也可以通过按"关闭"(close)按钮将其关闭, 但这始终与“确定”按钮具有相同的作用. 查看样例警告框.

WebDriver可以从弹窗获取文本并接受或关闭这些警告.

{{< tabpane langEqualsHeader=true >}} {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/AlertsTest.java#L36-L41" >}} {{< /tab >}}

{{< tab header="Python" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_alerts.py#L12-L18" >}} {{< /tab >}}

{{< tab header="CSharp" >}} //Click the link to activate the alert driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("See an example alert")).Click();

//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable IAlert alert = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());

//Store the alert text in a variable string text = alert.Text;

//Press the OK button alert.Accept(); {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="Ruby" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/ruby/spec/interactions/alerts_spec.rb#L15-L22" >}} {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="JavaScript" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/javascript/test/interactions/alert.spec.js#L19-L21" >}} {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="Kotlin" >}} //Click the link to activate the alert driver.findElement(By.linkText("See an example alert")).click()

//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable val alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())

//Store the alert text in a variable val text = alert.getText()

//Press the OK button alert.accept() {{< /tab >}} {{< /tabpane >}}

Confirm 确认框

确认框类似于警告框, 不同之处在于用户还可以选择取消消息. 查看样例确认框.

此示例还呈现了警告的另一种实现:

{{< tabpane langEqualsHeader=true >}} {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/AlertsTest.java#L131-L138" >}} {{< /tab >}}

{{< tab header="Python" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_alerts.py#L26-L32" >}} {{< /tab >}}

{{< tab header="CSharp" >}} //Click the link to activate the alert driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("See a sample confirm")).Click();

//Wait for the alert to be displayed wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());

//Store the alert in a variable IAlert alert = driver.SwitchTo().Alert();

//Store the alert in a variable for reuse string text = alert.Text;

//Press the Cancel button alert.Dismiss(); {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="Ruby" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/ruby/spec/interactions/alerts_spec.rb#L28-L35" >}} {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="JavaScript" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/javascript/test/interactions/alert.spec.js#L30-L32" >}} {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="Kotlin" >}} //Click the link to activate the alert driver.findElement(By.linkText("See a sample confirm")).click()

//Wait for the alert to be displayed wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())

//Store the alert in a variable val alert = driver.switchTo().alert()

//Store the alert in a variable for reuse val text = alert.text

//Press the Cancel button alert.dismiss() {{< /tab >}} {{< /tabpane >}}

Prompt 提示框

提示框与确认框相似, 不同之处在于它们还包括文本输入. 与处理表单元素类似, 您可以使用WebDriver的sendKeys来填写响应. 这将完全替换占位符文本. 按下取消按钮将不会提交任何文本. 查看样例提示框.

{{< tabpane langEqualsHeader=true >}} {{< tab header="Java" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/interactions/AlertsTest.java#L79-L84" >}} {{< /tab >}}

{{< tab header="Python" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/python/tests/interactions/test_alerts.py#L40-L47" >}} {{< /tab >}}

{{< tab header="CSharp" >}} //Click the link to activate the alert driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("See a sample prompt")).Click();

//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable IAlert alert = wait.Until(ExpectedConditions.AlertIsPresent());

//Type your message alert.SendKeys("Selenium");

//Press the OK button alert.Accept(); {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="Ruby" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/ruby/spec/interactions/alerts_spec.rb#L41-L48" >}} {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="JavaScript" text=true >}} {{< gh-codeblock path="/examples/javascript/test/interactions/alert.spec.js#L42-L45" >}} {{< /tab >}} {{< tab header="Kotlin" >}} //Click the link to activate the alert driver.findElement(By.linkText("See a sample prompt")).click()

//Wait for the alert to be displayed and store it in a variable val alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())

//Type your message alert.sendKeys("Selenium")

//Press the OK button alert.accept() {{< /tab >}} {{< /tabpane >}}